Acute and chronic effects of caffeine on performance, mood, headache, and sleep
Acute and chronic effects of caffeine on performance, mood, headache, and sleep
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DOI：
10.1159/000026514
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
James, JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James, JE
尽管咖啡因是世界上消费最广泛的精神活性物质，但关于咖啡因的影响存在相当大的混乱。本研究检查了36名健康男性和女性习惯性咖啡因消费者暴露于适度摄入模式的客观表现指数，以及自我报告的情绪，头痛和睡眠。采用双盲安慰剂对照交叉设计，其中所有受试者均参与4种实验条件，包括每天3次摄入安慰剂或咖啡因，持续6天，随后第7天（挑战）摄入安慰剂或咖啡因。没有证据表明咖啡因可以改善表现，无论是在急性或习惯性使用的情况下。相反，当咖啡因在习惯性使用后突然停止使用时，表现会显着受损。参与者报告说，在急性摄入咖啡因后感觉更警觉，更不疲劳，但在长期接触这种药物时感觉不那么警觉。此外，咖啡因戒断与头痛频率和严重程度的增加有关，并且与睡眠时间更长和更健康的报告有关。
Despite being the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world, there is considerable confusion regarding the effects of caffeine. This study examined objective indices of performance, and self-reported mood, headache, and sleep in 36 healthy male and female habitual caffeine consumers exposed to a pattern of moderate intake. A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design with counterbalancing was employed in which all subjects participated in four experimental conditions involving the ingestion of placebo or caffeine 3 times daily for 6 days followed by a 7th (challenge) day of placebo or caffeine ingestion. No evidence was found that caffeine improved performance, either in the context of acute or habitual use. On the contrary, performance was found to be significantly impaired when caffeine was withdrawn abruptly following habitual use. Participants reported feeling more alert and less tired following acute ingestion of caffeine, but feeling less alert in conjunction with chronic exposure to the drug. In addition, caffeine withdrawal was associated with reported increasses in frequency and severity of headache, and with reports of sleeping longer and more soundly.