Compact electron spin resonance skin oximeter: Properties and initial clinical results.
Compact electron spin resonance skin oximeter: Properties and initial clinical results.
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紧凑型电子自旋共振皮肤血氧计：特性和初步临床结果。
DOI：
10.1002/mrm.28595
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Blank,Aharon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cristea,David;Wolfson,Helen;Ahmad,Rizwan;Twig,Ygal;Kuppusamy,Periannan;Blank,Aharon
目的皮肤氧水平对于许多临床问题的诊断和治疗具有重要意义，例如慢性伤口和糖尿病足溃疡。此外，皮肤氧气水平可能与动脉氧分压相关，从而揭示潜在的危险状况，例如通气新生儿中可能发生的高氧血症（氧气过多）。传统上，皮肤含氧量是通过电化学方法测量的，最近也通过荧光寿命技术来测量。这些方法有几个缺点，导致它们不是最理想的。这项工作的目的是开发一种基于电子自旋共振（ESR）的方法来监测皮肤组织中的氧分压（pO2）。方法设计并构建了用于脉冲ESR的紧凑型传感器。我们基于 ESR 的方法利用独特的外源顺磁自旋探针，将其放置在特殊的部分密封贴纸中的皮肤上，然后使用包含微型磁体和小型 S 波段（~2.3 GHz）微波谐振器的紧凑型脉冲 ESR 传感器测量其信号。通过 ESR 测量的自旋-自旋弛豫时间 (1/T2) 的倒数显示与 pO2 水平线性相关。结果传感器及其匹配的贴纸在体外和体内（针对人类受试者）进行了测试。测得的皮肤 pO2 水平在约 2-3 小时后达到平衡，并且被发现与使用大型电磁体的连续波 (CW) ESR 测量的结果相当。 结论 带有匹配顺磁贴纸的紧凑型脉冲 ESR 传感器可用于皮肤组织的 pO2 监测，类似于大型 CW ESR 系统。
PurposeSkin oxygen level is of significance for the diagnosis and treatment of many clinical problems, such as chronic wounds and diabetic foot ulcers. Furthermore, skin oxygen levels can be correlated to arterial oxygen partial pressure, thereby revealing potentially dangerous conditions such as hyperoxia (too much oxygen), which may occur in ventilated neonates. Traditionally, skin oxygen levels are measured using electrochemical methods and, more recently, also by fluorescence lifetime techniques. These approaches suffer from several drawbacks, rendering them suboptimal. The purpose of this work is to develop an electron spin resonance (ESR) ‐based method for monitoring oxygen partial pressure (pO2) in skin tissue.MethodsA compact sensor for pulsed ESR is designed and constructed. Our ESR‐based method makes use of a unique exogenous paramagnetic spin probe that is placed on the skin in a special partially sealed sticker, and subsequently measuring its signal with the compact pulsed ESR sensor that includes a miniature magnet and a small S‐band (~2.3 GHz) microwave resonator. The inverse of the spin‐spin relaxation time (1/T2) measured by ESR is shown to be linearly correlated with pO2levels.ResultsThe sensor and its matching sticker were tested both in vitro and in vivo (with human subjects). Measured skin pO2levels reached equilibrium after ~2‐3 h and were found to be comparable to those measured by continuous‐wave (CW) ESR using a large electromagnet.ConclusionsA compact pulsed ESR sensor with a matching paramagnetic sticker can be used for pO2monitoring of the skin tissue, similar to large bulky CW ESR systems.