Fighting old age poverty: ASLUT's role
Fighting old age poverty: ASLUT's role
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对抗老年贫困：ASLUT 的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Priebe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sri Murtiningsih Adioetomo;Fiona Howell;A. Mcpherson;J. Priebe
印度尼西亚自1970年代以来经历了人口结构转型，导致人口年龄结构发生重大变化。预期寿命从45岁增加到67岁。老年人（60岁及以上）的人数从1970年的约500万增加到2010年的1 800万，预计到2050年将增加到8 000万以上。老年人的经济状况岌岌可危。2012年，12.65%的老年人（60岁及以上）生活在官方贫困线以下。老年人，特别是70岁及以上的老年人的贫困率在所有人口群体中最高，为14.92%。与此同时，在被正式列为贫困的老年人口中，很容易陷入贫困的比例要高得多。目前，现有老年人养恤金计划的覆盖面很低。2010年，领取公务员和军人养老金计划的老年人占60岁及以上人口的15.5%，公务员和军人养老金计划是印度尼西亚唯一正式提供的养老金。这些养恤金福利只提供给政府工作人员、公务员、军事人员和正规部门雇员，通常不足以满足退休人员的基本需要。印度尼西亚政府已经认识到社会保险计划中的这些差距，并正在采取行动改善养老金覆盖面。2006年在六个省份启动了直接针对老年人的社会援助方案ASLUT，目标是2 500名受益人。该方案随后扩大到所有34个省，并在2013年将受益者人数增加到26 500人。消除老年贫穷：ASLUT的作用是从数量和质量两个方面对印度尼西亚贫困老年人的社会经济状况进行实证研究。与其他报告不同的是，本报告特别侧重于调查印度尼西亚唯一针对老年人的现金转移方案----ASLUT的运作情况。通过这样做，该报告借鉴了SurveyMETER和印度尼西亚大学人口研究所代表TNP 2K于2012年对11个省的2，200个老年家庭进行的独特家庭调查。1 Sri Moertiningsih Adioetomo是印度尼西亚大学人口研究所（LD UI）的团队负责人：toening@indo.net。Fiona豪厄尔是印度尼西亚政府TNP 2K的社会援助政策顾问：fiona.豪厄尔@tnp2k.go. id。在研究期间，Andrea麦克弗森是国际助老会的首席研究员。Jan Priebe是TNP 2K第一组的高级经济学家：jan.priebe@tnp2k.go.id。
Indonesia has undergone a demographic transition since the 1970s that has led to significant changes in the population age structure. Life expectancy increased from 45 years to 67 years. The number of elderly people (60 years and above) rose from about 5 million in 1970 to 18 million in 2010, and is projected to increase to over 80 million by 2050. The economic situation of the elderly is precarious. In 2012, 12.65 percent of older people (60 years and above) lived below the official poverty line. Older people, especially those aged 70 and above, have the highest poverty rate among all population groups, 14.92 percent. At the same time, a much greater proportion of the elderly population officially classified as poor is vulnerable to falling into poverty. Currently, the coverage of existing pension schemes for the elderly is very low. The proportion of older people in receipt of civil service and military pension schemes, the only formally available pensions in Indonesia, was 15.5 percent of the population aged 60 years and above in 2010. These pension benefits, available to government workers, civil servants, military personnel and formal sector employees only, are usually insufficient to cover the basic needs of retirees. The Government of Indonesia has recognised these gaps in the social insurance schemes and is taking actions to improve pension coverage. ASLUT, the current social assistance programme targeted directly at the elderly, started in 2006 in six provinces targeting 2,500 beneficiaries. It has subsequently expanded to all 34 provinces and increased the number of recipients to 26,500 beneficiaries in 2013. Fighting old-age poverty: The role of ASLUT examines empirically, both quantitatively and qualitatively, the socioeconomic conditions of poor elderly persons in Indonesia. In contrast to other reports, a particular focus is given to investigating the operations of ASLUT, Indonesia’s only targeted cash transfer programme for the elderly. By doing so, the report draws on a unique household survey of 2,200 elderly households from 11 provinces which was conducted by SurveyMETER and the Demographic Institute of the University of Indonesia on behalf of TNP2K in 2012. 1 Sri Moertiningsih Adioetomo is Team Leader at Demographic Institute, University of Indonesia (LD UI): toening@indo.net. id. Fiona Howell is the social assistance policy advisor at TNP2K, Government of Indonesia: fiona.howell@tnp2k.go.id. At the time of the research, Andrea McPherson was the Lead Researcher at HelpAge International. Jan Priebe is a senior economist at TNP2K’s Cluster 1 team : jan.priebe@tnp2k.go.id. Any remaining errors are solely our responsibility.