The Age of Cyclic Dinucleotide Vaccine Adjuvants.

The Age of Cyclic Dinucleotide Vaccine Adjuvants.
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DOI:
10.3390/vaccines8030453
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发表时间:
2020-08-13
期刊:
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Jin L
Jin L
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gogoi H;Mansouri S;Jin L

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作为传染病的预防性疫苗佐剂,环二核苷酸(CDN)可在全身和粘膜中诱导安全、有效、持久的体液和细胞记忆反应。作为治疗性肿瘤疫苗佐剂,CDN诱导强大的抗肿瘤免疫,包括细胞毒性T细胞和NK细胞的激活,在多种肿瘤小鼠模型中实现持久消退。临床试验正在进行中,以实现CDNS的承诺(ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02675439、NCT03010176、NCT03172936和NCT03937141)。然而,2018年10月,默克CDN MK-1454的第一个临床数据显示,在实体瘤或淋巴瘤患者中,单一疗法的活性为零(NCT03010176)。最近,Aduro的CDN ADU-S100单一疗法的临床试验也令人失望(NCT03172936)。CDN疫苗发展中出现的障碍要求我们及时重新评估我们对CDN疫苗佐剂的理解。在此,我们综述了CDN疫苗佐剂的研究现状,包括其优越的佐剂活性、体内作用模式以及影响其在人体内疗效的混杂因素。最后,我们讨论了克服障碍和发展有前景的CDN佐剂在人类中的策略。
As prophylactic vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases, cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) induce safe, potent, long-lasting humoral and cellular memory responses in the systemic and mucosal compartments. As therapeutic cancer vaccine adjuvants, CDNs induce potent anti-tumor immunity, including cytotoxic T cells and NK cells activation that achieve durable regression in multiple mouse models of tumors. Clinical trials are ongoing to fulfill the promise of CDNs (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02675439, NCT03010176, NCT03172936, and NCT03937141). However, in October 2018, the first clinical data with Merck’s CDN MK-1454 showed zero activity as a monotherapy in patients with solid tumors or lymphomas (NCT03010176). Lately, the clinical trial from Aduro’s CDN ADU-S100 monotherapy was also disappointing (NCT03172936). The emerging hurdle in CDN vaccine development calls for a timely re-evaluation of our understanding on CDN vaccine adjuvants. Here, we review the status of CDN vaccine adjuvant research, including their superior adjuvant activities, in vivo mode of action, and confounding factors that affect their efficacy in humans. Lastly, we discuss the strategies to overcome the hurdle and advance promising CDN adjuvants in humans.
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