A scoping review of whole-of-community interventions on six modifiable cancer prevention risk factors in youth: A systems typology
A scoping review of whole-of-community interventions on six modifiable cancer prevention risk factors in youth: A systems typology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106769
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发表时间：
2021-09-08
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Dzewaltowski, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Essay, Ann M.;Schlechter, Chelsey R.;Dzewaltowski, David A.
在整个地理空间区域提供的整体社区干预措施有望改善人口健康，预防青少年癌症。本次范围界定审查的目的是综合关于青少年癌症预防的六种可改变危险因素（饮酒、饮食、肥胖、体力活动、日晒、吸烟）的整体社区干预文献，并开发和应用描述基本控制系统功能特征的类型学。在 PubMed、护理和联合健康文献累积索引、Embase、PsycINFO 和 Scopus 中对截至 2019 年底发表的研究进行了系统检索。符合条件的研究包括地理空间定义的整体社区干预； 0-18岁青年；以及六种癌症危险因素结果中的至少一种。通过迭代过程创建了一种类型学，描述了系统理论指导下的整体社区干预措施的功能，并使用该类型学对所包含的干预措施进行了编码。总共包括 41 项干预措施。大多数干预措施（43.9%）评估了多种癌症风险因素。很少有干预措施提供社区系统协调所需的基本功能：传感器、控制器、效应器。尽管社区是微系统的拼凑而成，其中个人在嵌套在更大的整个影响系统中的地理有限的地方进行互动，但控制系统方法尚未用于构建文献。整体社区干预措施的特点是具有协调人口健康改善所需的基本系统功能。未来的整体社区干预工作应利用系统如何运作的基础知识，并测试关键功能的采用对于整体社区人口健康的改善是否是必要的。
Whole-of-community interventions delivered across entire geospatial areas show promise for improving population health for youth cancer prevention. The aims of this scoping review were to synthesize the whole-ofcommunity intervention literature on six modifiable risk factors in youth for cancer prevention (alcohol use, diet, obesity, physical activity, sun exposure, tobacco use) and to develop and apply a typology describing the inclusion of fundamental control system functional characteristics. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus for studies published to the end of 2019. Eligible studies included a geospatially defined whole-of-community intervention; youth 0-18 years; and at least one of the six cancer risk factor outcomes. An iterative process was undertaken to create a typology describing the functions for whole-of-community interventions guided by systems theory, and the typology was used to code the included interventions. A total of 41 interventions were included. Most interventions (43.9%) assessed multiple cancer risk factors. Few interventions provided fundamental functions necessary for community system coordination: sensor, controller, effector. Although communities are a patchwork quilt of microsystems where individuals interact in geographically bounded places nested within larger whole systems of influence, a control systems approach has not been used to frame the literature. Whole-ofcommunity interventions can be characterized by the fundamental system functions necessary for coordinating population health improvement. Future whole-of-community intervention efforts should draw on fundamental knowledge of how systems operate and test whether adoption of the key functions is necessary for whole-of-community population health improvement.