Linguistic Human Rights: Overcoming Linguistic Discrimination. Tove Skutnabb-Kangas , Robert Phillipson , Mart Rannut
Linguistic Human Rights: Overcoming Linguistic Discrimination. Tove Skutnabb-Kangas , Robert Phillipson , Mart Rannut
复制标题
语言人权：克服语言歧视。
DOI：
10.1086/466356
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
0.1
通讯作者：
N. Hornberger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Hornberger
根据本书，语言人权（LHR）需要被承认为所有人的基本人权。该卷提供了理论观点、宏观政策概述和具体案例描述，所有这些都旨在展示我们世界中语言歧视的程度，以及寻求定义某些不可剥夺的基本 LHR 的政策的聚集势头。有用的是，内容广泛的附录提供了大约 23 个关键 LHR 文件的摘录，包括《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》（1966 年）、《联合国世界土著人民权利宣言》（草案，1991 年）和《基本人类语言权利世界宪章条款》（草案，1993 年）。编辑 Skutnabb-Kangas 和 Phillipson 将 LHR 定义如下（部分）：遵守 LHR 意味着，在个人层面上，每个人都可以认同自己的母语，并让这种认同受到他人的尊重……；在集体层面上，少数群体有生存的权利……并享有和发展自己的语言……”（第 2 页）；它们强调个人权利和集体权利是相辅相成的，而不是相互排斥的（第12页）。正如哈梅尔后来指出的（第 298 页），一方面，个人和集体语言权利之间也存在相关性，另一方面，个性和领土性的语言政策原则之间也存在相关性，即使用某种特定语言的权利分别附属于个人或领土。 Grin 回顾了这些原则，并在对领土原则进行修订以实现更大灵活性的基础上提出了领土多语言原则，以适应不对称的权力关系、相互关联的空间分布和语言的迁移动态。
Linguistic human rights (LHR) are, according to this volume, in need of recognition as basic human rights for all. The volume provides theoretical perspectives, macro-level policy overviews, and specific case descriptions, all aimed toward demonstrating the extent of linguistic discrimination in our world and the gathering momentum of policies seeking to define certain inalienable, fundamental LHR. Usefully, an extensive appendix provides excerpts from some twenty-three key LHR documents, including the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (1966), the United Nations' Universal Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples (draft, 1991), and Articles for a Universal Charter of Basic Human Language Rights (draft, 1993).Editors Skutnabb-Kangas and Phillipson define LHR as follows (in part):" Observing LHR implies at an individual level, that everyone can identify with their mother tongue, and have that identification respected by others...; and at a collective level, the right of minority groups to exist... and to enjoy and develop their language...."(p. 2); they emphasize that individual and collective rights are complementary and not mutually exclusive to each other (p. 12). As Hamel later points out (p. 298), there is also a correlation between individual and collective linguistic rights, on the one hand, and, on the other, language policy principles of personality and territoriality, whereby the right to speak a particular language is attached to individuals or to territories, respectively. Grin reviews these principles and goes on to propose principles of territorial multilingualism based on a revision of the territorial principle toward greater flexibility, in order to accommodate the asymmetrical power relations, interlocking spatial distributions, and migrational dynamics of lan-