Continual Reintroduction of Human Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Viruses into Swine in the United States, 2009 to 2014
Continual Reintroduction of Human Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Viruses into Swine in the United States, 2009 to 2014
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.00459-15
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Vincent, Amy L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson, Martha I.;Stratton, Jered;Vincent, Amy L.
甲型流感病毒在猪中的多样性（swIAV）构成了重要的大流行威胁。人-猪界面的知识对于理解具有大流行潜力的病毒如何在猪宿主中进化特别重要。通过对美国当代swIAV的系统发育分析，我们证明了在2009年H1N1大流行之后的几年中，人-猪传播H1N1（pH 1 N1）病毒已经连续发生，并且是美国swIAV遗传多样性的重要贡献者。尽管到2013年，大流行性H1和N1片段通过与其他swIAV的重配已在很大程度上从美国猪群中删除，但这些抗原在2013-2014年季节性流行期间的多次人-猪传播事件后重新出现。这些发现表明，来自pH 1 N1病毒的六个内部基因片段可能在美国猪群中长期存在，并且与人类季节性pH 1 N1流行相关的大流行性血凝素（HA）和神经氨酸酶（NA）片段的周期性重新出现。接种美国养猪工人可能会减少人类和猪的感染，从而限制人类作为猪流感病毒多样性来源的作用。重要信息葡萄酒是具有大流行潜力的甲型流感病毒进化的重要宿主。在这里，我们分析了美国农业部国家监测系统生成的流感病毒序列数据，以确定人类在2014年美国猪群中再次出现大流行性H1N1（pH 1 N1）流感病毒中的核心作用。这些发现强调了人类作为猪流感病毒多样性持续来源的重要作用，并表明具有大流行HA和NA片段的流感病毒可能会继续在美国猪中重新出现，与人类的季节性pH 1 N1流行有关。
The diversity of influenza A viruses in swine (swIAVs) presents an important pandemic threat. Knowledge of the human-swine interface is particularly important for understanding how viruses with pandemic potential evolve in swine hosts. Through phylogenetic analysis of contemporary swIAVs in the United States, we demonstrate that human-to-swine transmission of pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) viruses has occurred continuously in the years following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and has been an important contributor to the genetic diversity of U.S. swIAVs. Although pandemic H1 and N1 segments had been largely removed from the U.S. swine population by 2013 via reassortment with other swIAVs, these antigens reemerged following multiple human-to-swine transmission events during the 2013-2014 seasonal epidemic. These findings indicate that the six internal gene segments from pH1N1 viruses are likely to be sustained long term in the U.S. swine population, with periodic reemergence of pandemic hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) segments in association with seasonal pH1N1 epidemics in humans. Vaccinating U.S. swine workers may reduce infection of both humans and swine and in turn limit the role of humans as sources of influenza virus diversity in pigs.IMPORTANCESwine are important hosts in the evolution of influenza A viruses with pandemic potential. Here, we analyze influenza virus sequence data generated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's national surveillance system to identify the central role of humans in the reemergence of pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza viruses in U.S. swine herds in 2014. These findings emphasize the important role of humans as continuous sources of influenza virus diversity in swine and indicate that influenza viruses with pandemic HA and NA segments are likely to continue to reemerge in U.S. swine in association with seasonal pH1N1 epidemics in humans.