The origin of high particulate concentrations over the United Kingdom, March 2000
The origin of high particulate concentrations over the United Kingdom, March 2000
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DOI：
10.1016/s1352-2310(01)00522-2
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Fuller, GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ryall, DB;Derwent, RG;Fuller, GW
2000年3月2日至3日夜间，英格兰和威尔士各地都出现了PM10和PM2.5水平异常高的情况。天气的特点是强烈的西风和广泛的降雨与苏格兰北部的低气压系统有关，通常与相对清洁，未受污染的空气有关。可能的来源包括2000年2月26日冰岛火山爆发的火山灰，或撒哈拉沙漠上空大规模沙尘暴的尘埃，使用拉格朗日弥散模型NAME的大气传输模型，对卫星图像和来自梅斯黑德的观测数据的分析表明，这一事件最有可能的起源是来自北非撒哈拉地区的尘埃的长距离传输。进一步的模拟研究揭示了一些以前未被发现的沙尘事件，并表明撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘运输每年可能发生几次。沙尘事件之所以令人感兴趣，有许多原因，颗粒物水平可能在大范围内升高，在某些情况下可能大大超过目前的空气质量标准。如果发现无法控制的自然来源，就会对空气质量标准的制定产生影响。(C)2002年由Elsevier Science Ltd.出版
An episode of exceptionally high PM10 and PM2.5 levels was observed during the night of the 2-3 March 2000 throughout England and Wales. The weather was characterised by strong westerly winds and widespread rainfall associated with a low pressure system to the north of Scotland, conditions usually associated with relatively clean, unpolluted air. Possible sources included volcanic ash from an eruption on 26 February 2000 in Iceland, or dust from large sandstorms over the Sahara, A combination of atmospheric transport modelling using the Lagrangian dispersion model NAME, an analyses of satellite imagery and observational data from Mace Head has shown that the most likely origin of the episode was long range transport of dust from the Sahara region of North Africa. Further modelling studies have revealed a number of previously unidentified dust episodes, and indicate that transport of dust from the Sahara can occur several times a year. Dust episodes are of interest for a number of reasons, particulate levels can be elevated over a wide area and in some instances can significantly exceeded current air quality standards. If a natural source is identified over which there can be no control, there are implications for the setting of air quality standards. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.