Taxonomy and phylogeny of European Monochamus species:: first molecular and karyological data
Taxonomy and phylogeny of European Monochamus species:: first molecular and karyological data
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0469.2004.00279.x
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Mantovani, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cesari, M;Marescalchi, O;Mantovani, B
Monochamus Megerle，1821（鞘翅目Cerambicalae）是一种广泛分布于世界各地的甲虫，在新北和古北地区的针叶林中可能成为重要的经济害虫。除了由于幼虫隧道习性造成的直接损害外，它们还被认为是植物寄生线虫松材线虫（Bursaphelenchus xylophilus）（Steiner & Buhrer，1934）（线虫纲Ausenchoididae）的主要媒介。我们分析了完整的线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I基因和小亚基RNA基因序列（1536个碱基对）的片段在五个欧洲物种。它们是：Monochamus galloprovincialis（Olivier，1795），形态上分为两个亚种M。galloprovincialis galloprovincialis（Olivier，1795）和M. galloprovincialispistor（Germar，1818）; Monochamussutor（Linneus1758）; Monochamussaltuarius（Gebler 1830）; Monochamussartor（Fabricius，1787）和Monochamusurussovi（Fischer，1806）。为了便于比较，还对亚洲松墨天牛Monochamus alternatus Hope，1842和日本松墨天牛M. saltuarius样本进行了分析。这两个基因在M的两个亚种之间显示出绝对的同一性。galloprovincialis和M. sartor和M.乌鲁索维：因此，前一分类单元在两个亚种中的形态学细分和后一分类单元在两个特定水平的实体中的形态学细分在遗传学上是不支持的。意大利和日本的M. saltuarius在所有的树中总是聚在一起，对于其余的分类群，从目前的分析中毫无疑问地出现了它们的具体分化等级。从系统发生的角度来看，树状拓扑结构表明日本M。alternatus为最分化的类群，欧亚种M. saltuarius作为所有其他严格欧洲实体的基础。染色体分析表明，二倍体常染色体补体在M. saltuarius为20; galloprovincialis和M. sartor，但XX-Xy（p）性别决定系统是所有分析的类群所共有的。分枝saltuarius的核型似乎是最原始的，其他的核型可能是通过罗伯逊分裂衍生的。核型数据与分子生物学分析结果一致，表明欧亚种M. saltuarius与欧洲墨天牛属Monochamus taxa的关系; galloprovincialis和M. sartor代表了两个明显不同的进化单位。此外，核型分析证实了关于M. galloprovincialisgalloprovincialis和M.大鳞藓
The worldwide distributed genus Monochamus Megerle, 1821 (Coleoptera Cerambicydae) comprises beetles that may become pests of economic importance in conifer stands in the Nearctic and Palearctic Regions. Besides direct damage due to the larval tunnelling habits, they have also been recognized as main vectors of the phytoparasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934) (Nematoda Aphelenchoididae). We analysed the complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene and a fragment of the small subunit RNA gene sequences (1536 base pairs) in the five European species. These are: Monochamus galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795), morphologically distinguished in two subspecies M. galloprovincialis galloprovincialis (Olivier, 1795) and M. galloprovincialis pistor (Germar, 1818); Monochamus sutor (Linneus 1758); Monochamus saltuarius (Gebler 1830); Monochamus sartor (Fabricius, 1787) and Monochamus urussovi (Fischer, 1806). For appropriate comparisons, also the Asiatic Monochamus alternatus Hope, 1842 and a Japanese M. saltuarius sample have been analysed. Both genes show an absolute identity between the two subspecies of M. galloprovincialis and a strong affinity between M. sartor and M. urussovi: the morphological subdivisions of the former taxon in two subspecies and of the latter in two entities of specific level are therefore not supported genetically. On the other hand, the Italian and the Japanese samples of M. saltuarius always cluster together in all trees, and for the remaining taxa, no doubt about their rank of specific differentiation emerges from present analyses. From a phyletic point of view, tree topology indicates the Japanese M. alternatus as the most differentiated taxon and the Euroasiatic M. saltuarius as basal to all other strictly European entities. Chromosome analyses show that the diploid autosomal complement ranges from 18 in M. saltuarius to 20 in M. galloprovincialis, and 22 in M. sartor, but a XX-Xy(p) sex determining system is shared by all analysed taxa. The M. saltuarius karyotype appears as the most primitive from which the others may be derived through Robertsonian fissions. Karyological data therefore agree with molecular analyses in indicating a basal position of Euroasiatic M. saltuarius with respect to the group of European Monochamus taxa; among these, M. galloprovincialis and M. sartor represent two clearly diverging evolutionary units. Furthermore, karyotype analyses substantiate molecular conclusions about the identity between M. galloprovincialis galloprovincialis and M. galloprovincialis pistor.