[Salinization-alkalization of Leymus chinensis grassland in Songnen Plain of Northeast China].
[Salinization-alkalization of Leymus chinensis grassland in Songnen Plain of Northeast China].
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发表时间：
2011-06
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通讯作者：
Dao‐Wei Zhou;Qiang Li;Yantao Song;Xue-Zhi Wang
中科院分区：
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作者：
Dao‐Wei Zhou;Qiang Li;Yantao Song;Xue-Zhi Wang
通过野外调查和实地考察，探讨了松嫩平原羊草草地盐碱化的过程和原因，并对土壤扰动-裸露假说进行了验证。草地表层土壤（0-30 cm）盐分含量较低，深层土壤（> 30 cm）盐分含量较低。因此，该草地被定义为盐渍化草地。表层土壤含盐量呈上升趋势。这一过程称为土壤盐碱化，处于盐碱化状态下的草地称为盐碱化草地。表层土壤盐碱化的主要原因是原含盐量较低的表层土壤受到扰动流失，富盐的次表层土壤出现新的表层土壤，深层土壤中的盐分在新的表层土壤和其他土层中积累。次生盐生植物群落形成于地表土壤扰动的新裸地，但群落没有演替序列。草地退化的过程是土壤退化、植被退化、盐生植物入侵、近原始状态的不断演化。
Field survey and site study were conducted to approach the process and causes of salinization-alkalization of Leymus chinensis grassland in Songnen Plain, and to examine the hypothesis of soil disturbance-bareness. In the grassland, surface soil (0-30 cm) had a lower salt content, while deeper soil (> 30 cm) was in adverse. Thereby, the grassland was defined as soil-salted grassland. There was an increasing salt content in surface soil. This process was called as soil salinization-alkalization, and the grassland under the salinization:alkalization was named as alkali-salinized grassland. The leading reason for the surface soil salinization-alkalization was that the surface soil originally with low salt content was disturbed and lost away, subsurface soil rich in salt emerged as new surface soil, and the salt in deeper soil layers accumulated in the new surface soil and other soil layers. Secondary halophyte communities formed on the surface-soil-disturbed new bare land, but the communities had no succession sequence. The degradation process of the grassland was soil degradation first, followed by vegetation degradation, halophyte invasion, and successive evolution from nearly primitive condition.