Donald Trump as a Cultural Revolt Against Perceived Communication Restriction: Priming Political Correctness Norms Causes More Trump Support
Donald Trump as a Cultural Revolt Against Perceived Communication Restriction: Priming Political Correctness Norms Causes More Trump Support
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DOI：
10.5964/jspp.v5i1.732
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Houck, Shannon C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conway, Lucian Gideon, III;Repke, Meredith A.;Houck, Shannon C.
唐纳德•特朗普（Donald Trump）在政治上的表现一直比他的负面民调显示的要好。尽管人们倾向于认为特朗普的支持反映了意识形态上的保守主义，但我们认为，他在选举期间的部分支持来自一个非意识形态的来源：限制沟通的规范（政治正确或PC规范）的突出地位。这一观点表明，这些规范虽然在短期内成功地减少了负面沟通的数量，但从长远来看，可能会为负面沟通提供更多的支持。在这一框架下，对唐纳德•特朗普（Donald Trump）的支持在一定程度上是过度接触个人政治规范的结果。与此一致的是，在2016年秋季大选期间，我们对主要是政治温和派的美国人进行了抽样调查，结果表明，暂时启动个人电脑规范显著增加了对唐纳德·特朗普（但没有希拉里·克林顿）的支持。我们进一步表明，对限制性沟通规范的长期情绪抗拒积极预测了对特朗普（而不是克林顿）的支持，并且即使在控制政治意识形态时，这种影响仍然显著。总的来说，这项工作提供了证据，表明旨在增加积极沟通总量的规范实际上会适得其反，因为它会增加对使用极端消极语言的政治家的支持，这些语言明显违反了规范。
Donald Trump has consistently performed better politically than his negative polling indicators suggested he would. Although there is a tendency to think of Trump support as reflecting ideological conservatism, we argue that part of his support during the election came from a non-ideological source: The preponderant salience of norms restricting communication (Political Correctness - or PC - norms). This perspective suggests that these norms, while successfully reducing the amount of negative communication in the short term, may produce more support for negative communication in the long term. In this framework, support for Donald Trump was in part the result of over-exposure to PC norms. Consistent with this, on a sample of largely politically moderate Americans taken during the General Election in the Fall of 2016, we show that temporarily priming PC norms significantly increased support for Donald Trump (but not Hillary Clinton). We further show that chronic emotional reactance towards restrictive communication norms positively predicted support for Trump (but not Clinton), and that this effect remains significant even when controlling for political ideology. In total, this work provides evidence that norms that are designed to increase the overall amount of positive communication can actually backfire by increasing support for a politician who uses extremely negative language that explicitly violates the norm.