The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming.
The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2014.1856
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发表时间：
2014-12-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Westfield IT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castillo KD;Ries JB;Bruno JF;Westfield IT
据预测，本世纪大气CO2的人为增加将导致全球平均海洋表面pH值下降0.1-0.3个pH值单位，海洋表面温度上升1-4°C。我们进行了受控的实验室实验，以研究CO2引起的海洋酸化（pCO 2 = 324，477，604，2553 µatm）和变暖（25，28，32°C）对虫黄藻石珊瑚Siderastrea siderea钙化率的影响，Siderastrea siderea是加勒比海广泛，丰富和关键的造礁者。我们发现，酸化和变暖导致在这种珊瑚物种的钙化率抛物线响应。相对于近现代值，pCO 2和变暖的适度增加增强了珊瑚钙化，在最高pCO 2和热条件下钙化率下降。珊瑚礁区的珊瑚群对酸化和变暖的反应相当，珊瑚对这些压力源的反应的抛物线性质在实验的所有三个30天观察间隔中都很明显。此外，政府间气候变化专门委员会预测的21世纪末的变暖导致珊瑚钙化率下降五倍，而预测的同一时间段的酸化对钙化率没有统计上的显著影响-这表明海洋变暖对这一重要珊瑚物种构成的威胁比酸化更直接。
Anthropogenic increases in atmospheric CO2 over this century are predicted to cause global average surface ocean pH to decline by 0.1–0.3 pH units and sea surface temperature to increase by 1–4°C. We conducted controlled laboratory experiments to investigate the impacts of CO2-induced ocean acidification (pCO2 = 324, 477, 604, 2553 µatm) and warming (25, 28, 32°C) on the calcification rate of the zooxanthellate scleractinian coral Siderastrea siderea, a widespread, abundant and keystone reef-builder in the Caribbean Sea. We show that both acidification and warming cause a parabolic response in the calcification rate within this coral species. Moderate increases in pCO2 and warming, relative to near-present-day values, enhanced coral calcification, with calcification rates declining under the highest pCO2 and thermal conditions. Equivalent responses to acidification and warming were exhibited by colonies across reef zones and the parabolic nature of the corals' response to these stressors was evident across all three of the experiment's 30-day observational intervals. Furthermore, the warming projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for the end of the twenty-first century caused a fivefold decrease in the rate of coral calcification, while the acidification projected for the same interval had no statistically significant impact on the calcification rate—suggesting that ocean warming poses a more immediate threat than acidification for this important coral species.
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