Community‐wide seasonal shifts in thermal tolerances of mosquitoes
Community‐wide seasonal shifts in thermal tolerances of mosquitoes
复制标题
社区——蚊子耐热性的广泛季节性变化
DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3368
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Scheffers, Brett R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oliveira, Brunno F.;Yogo, Wendtwoin I.;Hahn, Daniel A.;Yongxing, Jiang;Scheffers, Brett R.
从热带到温带的物种的热耐受极限和宽度的扩大，提出了反映温度季节性的空间梯度，但温度耐受性的季节性变化的重要性和跨位置是少得多的赞赏。我们进行了热分析，以检查最高和最低临界温度（CTmax和CTmin，分别）的蚊子群落在其活跃的季节。Moscow CTmin跟踪温度的季节性变化，而CTmax跟踪夏季耐热性最低的反梯度模式。湿热幅从春季到夏季呈减小趋势，从夏季到秋季呈增大趋势。我们表现出一个时间二分法的耐热性与温带生物在夏季的热宽度反映了那些热带地区（“热带化”），夹在春季和秋季之间的“温带化”。因此，我们在单一温带纬度的耐受模式概括了整个纬度的经典模式。这些发现强调了需要更好地了解耐热性变化的时间和空间组成部分，包括可塑性和快速季节选择，以及这种变化影响物种对气候变化的反应的潜力。随着夏季变长和冬季夜间温度的升高，我们预计物种在空间和时间上的热耐受性会增加。
The broadening in species’ thermal tolerance limits and breadth from tropical to temperate latitudes is proposed to reflect spatial gradients in temperature seasonality, but the importance of seasonal shifts in thermal tolerances within and across locations is much less appreciated. We performed thermal assays to examine the maximum and minimum critical temperatures (CTmaxand CTmin, respectively) of a mosquito community across their active seasons. Mosquito CTmintracked seasonal shifts in temperature, whereas CTmaxtracked a countergradient pattern with lowest heat tolerances in summer. Mosquito thermal breadth decreased from spring to summer and then increased from summer to autumn. We show a temporal dichotomy in thermal tolerances with thermal breadths of temperate organisms in summer reflecting those of the tropics (“tropicalization”) that is sandwiched between a spring and autumn “temperatization.” Therefore, our tolerance patterns at a single temperate latitude recapitulate classical patterns across latitude. These findings highlight the need to understand the temporal and spatial components of thermotolerance variation better, including plasticity and rapid seasonal selection, and the potential for this variation to affect species responses to climate change. With summers becoming longer and increasing winter nighttime temperatures, we expect increasing tropicalization of species thermal tolerances in both space and time.