Mechanical characterization of adult stem cells from bone marrow and perivascular niches.
Mechanical characterization of adult stem cells from bone marrow and perivascular niches.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.01.032
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发表时间：
2012-04-30
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Dahl KN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ribeiro AJ;Tottey S;Taylor RW;Bise R;Kanade T;Badylak SF;Dahl KN
使用成体干细胞的治疗通常需要机械操作，例如注射或掺入支架中。然而，在操纵过程中，力诱导的细胞破裂和机械敏感性在很大程度上被忽视。在这里，我们的图像细胞的机械结构，并执行三种不同类型的人成体干细胞的生物物理特性：骨髓CD34+造血，骨髓间充质和血管周围间充质干细胞。我们使用微管抽吸来表征细胞力学和量化力下的亚细胞结构的变形及其对整体细胞变形的贡献。我们的研究结果表明，CD34+细胞在机械上适合于注射系统，因为细胞在恒定的抽吸压力下从固体转变为流体样，这可能是由于肌动蛋白细胞骨架发育不良。相反，来自骨髓和血管周围小生境的间充质干细胞更适合于接种到生物材料支架中，因为它们在机械上是稳健的，并且已经形成了可以允许细胞稳定附着和运动通过固体多孔环境的细胞骨架结构。其中，在6%氧气中培养的血管周围干细胞显示出发达的细胞骨架，但具有更柔顺的细胞核，这可以促进渗透到组织或支架的孔隙中。我们使用细胞运动性和迁移测定证实了我们测量的相关性，并测量了注射细胞的存活率。由于不同类型的成体干细胞可用于类似的应用，我们建议考虑干细胞的机械性能，以匹配治疗的最佳机械特性。
Therapies using adult stem cells often require mechanical manipulation such as injection or incorporation into scaffolds. However, force-induced rupture and mechanosensitivity of cells during manipulation is largely ignored. Here, we image cell mechanical structures and perform a biophysical characterization of three different types of human adult stem cells: bone marrow CD34+ hematopoietic, bone marrow mesenchymal and perivascular mesenchymal stem cells. We use micropipette aspiration to characterize cell mechanics and quantify deformation of subcellular structures under force and its contribution to global cell deformation. Our results suggest that CD34+ cells are mechanically suitable for injection systems since cells transition from solid- to fluid-like at constant aspiration pressure, probably due to a poorly developed actin cytoskeleton. Conversely, mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow and perivascular niches are more suitable for seeding into biomaterial scaffolds since they are mechanically robust and have developed cytoskeletal structures that may allow cellular stable attachment and motility through solid porous environments. Among these, perivascular stem cells cultured in 6% oxygen show a developed cytoskeleton but a more compliant nucleus, which can facilitate the penetration into pores of tissues or scaffolds. We confirm the relevance of our measurements using cell motility and migration assays and measure survival of injected cells. Since different types of adult stem cells can be used for similar applications, we suggest considering mechanical properties of stem cells to match optimal mechanical characteristics of therapies.