Eaters of the lotus: Landauer's principle and the return of Maxwell's demon
Eaters of the lotus: Landauer's principle and the return of Maxwell's demon
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DOI：
10.1016/j.shpsb.2004.12.002
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Norton, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norton, JD
朗道原理是一个松散的表述概念，即删除n位信息必须总是产生热力学熵的k ln n的代价。它可以被公式化为统计力学中的精确结果，但是对于使用不可逆相空间扩展的有限类擦除过程，这是定律的熵成本的真实的起源，并且其必要性尚未被证明。一般的论点，旨在建立无条件的有效性的法律（擦除映射许多物理状态到一个;擦除压缩相空间）失败。它们依赖于从存储随机数据的存储设备中非法形成的规范系综。为了驱除麦克斯韦的恶魔，我们必须证明所有的候选装置--普通的和特殊的--都不能逆转热力学第二定律。围绕兰道尔原理的理论太脆弱，太依赖于几个具体的例子来支持这种普遍的驱魔。查尔斯班尼特最近扩展的兰道尔原理的合并计算路径失败的原因相同的麻烦原来的原则。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Landauer's principle is the loosely formulated notion that the erasure of n bits of information must always incur a cost of k ln n in thermodynamic entropy. It can be formulated as a precise result in statistical mechanics, but for a restricted class of erasure processes that use a thermodynamically irreversible phase space expansion, which is the real origin of the law's entropy cost and whose necessity has not been demonstrated. General arguments that purport to establish the unconditional validity of the law (erasure maps many physical states to one; erasure compresses the phase space) fail. They turn out to depend on the illicit formation of a canonical ensemble from memory devices holding random data. To exorcise Maxwell's demon one must show that all candidate devices-the ordinary and the extraordinary-must fail to reverse the second law of thermodynamics. The theorizing surrounding Landauer's principle is too fragile and too tied to a few specific examples to support such general exorcism. Charles Bennett's recent extension of Landauer's principle to the merging of computational paths fails for the same reasons as trouble the original principle. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.