Resistance of Vitis Germplasm to Elsinoe ampelina (de Bary) Shear Evaluated by Lesion Number and Diameter
Resistance of Vitis Germplasm to Elsinoe ampelina (de Bary) Shear Evaluated by Lesion Number and Diameter
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DOI：
10.21273/hortsci.48.12.1433
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Mitani, Nobuhito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kono, Atsushi;Sato, Akihiko;Mitani, Nobuhito
以葡萄炭疽病为研究对象，对包括葡萄和美洲杂交品种在内的133个葡萄品种进行了病害数量和病害长度的抗性评价，以确定葡萄炭疽病的抗性来源。本研究检测的所有种质均有不同程度的炭疽病症状，且病变数和直径的分布是连续的。大多数鲜食葡萄品种对该病菌高度敏感，表现出许多大的病变。然而，葡萄酿酒葡萄的抗性更强，病损更小。一些美国杂交葡萄，如“安大略”，病变很少，很小。美洲品种（r = 0.63, P = 0.0041）和日本品种（r = 0.56, P < 0.001）的病变数与大小呈极显著正相关，而葡萄品种（V. vinifera）的病变数与大小无显著相关。日本四倍体品种既不高感也不高抗。大多数著名的鲜食葡萄品种，包括“亚历山大的马斯喀特”、“意大利”、“Rizamat”、“Kattakurgan”和“汤普森无籽”，对炭疽病的高敏感性表明，当这些敏感的鲜食葡萄或它们的后代用于培育抗炭疽病的鲜食葡萄时，抗性应该从其他品种（如美国杂交葡萄或酿酒葡萄）中渗入。
We evaluated the resistance of 133 grapevine cultivars or selections, including Vitis vinifera and American hybrids, on the basis of lesion number and length to identify sources of resistance to grapevine anthracnose. All germplasms tested in this study showed anthracnose symptoms to some extent, and the distribution of lesion number and diameter was continuous. Most table grape V. vinifera cultivars were highly susceptible, showing many large lesions. However, V. vinifera wine grapes were more resistant with smaller lesions. Some American hybrid grapes such as 'Ontario' showed very few and small lesions. There was a significant positive correlation between lesion number and size in American (r = 0.63, P = 0.0041) and Japanese hybrids (r = 0.56, P < 0.001), whereas there was no correlation between these characters in V. vinifera. Japanese tetraploid cultivars were neither highly susceptible nor resistant. High anthracnose susceptibility of most well-known table grape V. vinifera cultivars, including 'Muscat of Alexandria', 'Italia', 'Rizamat', 'Kattakurgan', and 'Thompson Seedless', indicates that resistance should be introgressed from other cultivars such as American hybrids or wine grapes when these susceptible table grapes or their descendants are used in breeding anthracnose-resistant table grapes.