Comparative Metagenomics Provides Insight Into the Ecosystem Functioning of the Shark Bay Stromatolites, Western Australia
Comparative Metagenomics Provides Insight Into the Ecosystem Functioning of the Shark Bay Stromatolites, Western Australia
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2013.01359
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发表时间：
2018-06-25
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Foster, Jamie S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Babilonia, Joany;Conesa, Ana;Foster, Jamie S.
叠层石是有机沉积物堆积物，是由于微生物的沉积物捕获、结合和沉淀活动而形成的。今天，现存的系统提供了一个理想的平台，了解叠层石形成微生物群落和它们各自的环境之间的结构，组成和相互作用。在这项研究中，我们比较了三个流行的叠层石形成微生物垫类型在Spaven省的哈梅林池，位于西澳大利亚的东湾。这些叠层石形成垫类型包括潮间脓疱垫以及位于潮下带的光滑和胶状垫类型。此外，还对位于上潮间带的相邻非石化垫的宏基因组进行了测序以进行比较。分类学和功能基因分析显示，与水深密切相关的岩化和非岩化垫类型之间的显着差异。出现了三个不同的人群，包括上潮间带非石化垫，与非层状碳酸盐堆积的潮间带脓疱垫，和潮下带胶状和光滑垫类型与层状结构。宏基因组的功能分析表明，在叠层石形成垫有一个丰富的光合作用途径的脓疱叠层石形成垫。然而，在胶状和光滑的叠层石形成垫中，与通常与碳酸盐矿化相关的异养代谢（如硫酸盐还原）相关的基因丰度增加。比较宏基因组分析表明，哈梅林池的叠层石可能是通过两个高度依赖于水深的独特过程形成的。这些结果提供了关键的洞察潜在的适应策略和微生物和它们的环境之间的协同作用，可能导致叠层石的形成和acceptance.Stromatolite是有机沉积物堆积，已形成的结果，沉积物捕获，结合和沉淀活动的微生物。今天，现存的系统提供了一个理想的平台，了解叠层石形成微生物群落和它们各自的环境之间的结构，组成和相互作用。在这项研究中，我们比较了三个流行的叠层石形成微生物垫类型在Spaven省的哈梅林池，位于西澳大利亚的东湾。这些叠层石形成垫类型包括潮间脓疱垫以及位于潮下带的光滑和胶状垫类型。此外，还对位于上潮间带的相邻非石化垫的宏基因组进行了测序以进行比较。分类学和功能基因分析显示，与水深密切相关的岩化和非岩化垫类型之间的显着差异。出现了三个不同的人群，包括上潮间带非石化垫，与非层状碳酸盐堆积的潮间带脓疱垫，和潮下带胶状和光滑垫类型与层状结构。宏基因组的功能分析表明，在叠层石形成垫有一个丰富的光合作用途径的脓疱叠层石形成垫。然而，在胶状和光滑的叠层石形成垫中，与通常与碳酸盐矿化相关的异养代谢（如硫酸盐还原）相关的基因丰度增加。比较宏基因组学分析表明，哈梅林池的叠层石可能是由两个不同的过程，这是高度依赖于水深形成。这些结果提供了关键的洞察潜在的适应性策略和微生物与其环境之间的协同作用，可能导致叠层石的形成和增生。
Stromatolites are organosedimentary build-ups that have formed as a result of the sediment trapping, binding and precipitating activities of microbes. Today, extant systems provide an ideal platform for understanding the structure, composition, and interactions between stromatolite-forming microbial communities and their respective environments. In this study, we compared the metagenomes of three prevalent stromatolite-forming microbial mat types in the Spaven Province of Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay located in Western Australia. These stromatolite-forming mat types included an intertidal pustular mat as well as a smooth and colloform mat types located in the subtidal zone. Additionally, the metagenomes of an adjacent, non-lithifying mat located in the upper intertidal zone were also sequenced for comparative purposes. Taxonomic and functional gene analyses revealed distinctive differences between the lithifying and non-lithifying mat types, which strongly correlated with water depth. Three distinct populations emerged including the upper intertidal non lithifying mats, the intertidal pustular mats associated with unlaminated carbonate build-ups, and the subtidal colloform and smooth mat types associated with laminated structures. Functional analysis of metagenomes revealed that amongst stromatolite-forming mats there was an enrichment of photosynthesis pathways in the pustular stromatolite-forming mats. In the colloform and smooth stromatolite-forming mats, however, there was an increase in the abundance of genes associated with those heterotrophic metabolisms typically associated with carbonate mineralization, such as sulfate reduction. The comparative metagenomic analyses suggest that stromatolites of Hamelin Pool may form by two distinctive processes that are highly dependent on water depth. These results provide key insight into the potential adaptive strategies and synergistic interactions between microbes and their environments that may lead to stromatolite formation and accretion.Stromatolites are organosedimentary build-ups that have formed as a result of the sediment trapping, binding and precipitating activities of microbes. Today, extant systems provide an ideal platform for understanding the structure, composition, and interactions between stromatolite-forming microbial communities and their respective environments. In this study, we compared the metagenomes of three prevalent stromatolite-forming microbial mat types in the Spaven Province of Hamelin Pool, Shark Bay located in Western Australia. These stromatolite-forming mat types included an intertidal pustular mat as well as a smooth and colloform mat types located in the subtidal zone. Additionally, the metagenomes of an adjacent, non-lithifying mat located in the upper intertidal zone were also sequenced for comparative purposes. Taxonomic and functional gene analyses revealed distinctive differences between the lithifying and non-lithifying mat types, which strongly correlated with water depth. Three distinct populations emerged including the upper intertidal non-lithifying mats, the intertidal pustular mats associated with unlaminated carbonate build-ups, and the subtidal colloform and smooth mat types associated with laminated structures. Functional analysis of metagenomes revealed that amongst stromatolite-forming mats there was an enrichment of photosynthesis pathways in the pustular stromatolite-forming mats. In the colloform and smooth stromatolite-forming mats, however, there was an increase in the abundance of genes associated with those heterotrophic metabolisms typically associated with carbonate mineralization, such as sulfate reduction. The comparative metagenomic analyses suggest that stromatolites of Hamelin Pool may form by two distinctive processes that are highly dependent on water depth. These results provide key insight into the potential adaptive strategies and synergistic interactions between microbes and their environments that may lead to stromatolite formation and accretion.