Complex multifault rupture during the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura earthquake, New Zealand
Complex multifault rupture during the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura earthquake, New Zealand
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aam7194
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发表时间：
2017-04-14
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Stirling, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamling, Ian J.;Hreinsdottir, Sigrun;Stirling, Mark
2016年11月14日，新西兰南岛东北部发生7.8级大震级地震。现场观测结合干涉合成孔径雷达、全球定位系统和地震学数据显示，这是有记录以来最复杂的地震之一。断裂沿着已测绘和未测绘的断层向北传播了170多公里，然后继续在岛上东北部的近海延伸。大地测量和现场观测显示，至少有12条主要断层的地表破裂，包括沿南Hikurangi俯冲界面的可能滑动；沿海岸线大部分地区的广泛隆起；以及广泛的滞弹性变形，包括类似于断层边界地块的8米隆起。这场复杂的地震打破了许多关于地震破裂在多大程度上受断层分段控制的传统假设，应该会促使人们在地震危险模型中重新评估这些问题。
On 14 November 2016, northeastern South Island of New Zealand was struck by a major moment magnitude (M-w) 7.8 earthquake. Field observations, in conjunction with interferometric synthetic aperture radar, Global Positioning System, and seismology data, reveal this to be one of the most complex earthquakes ever recorded. The rupture propagated northward for more than 170 kilometers along both mapped and unmapped faults before continuing offshore at the island's northeastern extent. Geodetic and field observations reveal surface ruptures along at least 12 major faults, including possible slip along the southern Hikurangi subduction interface; extensive uplift along much of the coastline; and widespread anelastic deformation, including the similar to 8-meter uplift of a fault-bounded block. This complex earthquake defies many conventional assumptions about the degree to which earthquake ruptures are controlled by fault segmentation and should motivate reevaluation of these issues in seismic hazard models.