Advocacy for physical activity--from evidence to influence.
Advocacy for physical activity--from evidence to influence.
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DOI：
10.1177/10253823060130020106
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shilton, Trevor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shilton, Trevor
宣传是公共卫生实践中一个不断发展和不发达的因素。在历史上，它被用来描述人们为穷人、病人或受压迫者所做的活动。七十年代，在美国的Pertschuk、澳大利亚的Gray和英国的Daube等控烟倡导者的领导下，公共卫生宣传变得更加注重结构和政策变化。自《渥太华宪章》(世卫组织，1986)以来，健康促进运动接受了对宣传作用的更广泛的看法。公共卫生界现在将宣传视为主要旨在改变支持健康生活的立法、政策和环境的社会行动。世界卫生组织将宣传定义为个人和社会行动的结合，旨在获得对特定卫生目标或方案的政治承诺、政策支持、社会接受和系统支持(世卫组织，1995年)。本文描述了一个理解和动员体力活动倡导的模型。它概述了一个三个步骤的过程：1.收集和翻译最相关的体力活动证据。为什么要提倡体力活动？2.根据证据制定一项体力活动倡导议程，并阐明一项或多项关键行动计划，以提高人们的体力活动水平。应该倡导什么？3.实施一系列倡导战略，以影响和动员人们对体育活动议程的支持。倡导应该如何实施？
Advocacy is an evolving and underdeveloped element of public health practice. Historically, it was used to describe activities undertaken by persons on behalf of the poor, the sick or oppressed. In the seventies, led by tobacco control advocates such as Pertschuk in the United States, Gray in Australia and Daube in the United Kingdom, public health advocacy became more focused on structural and policy change. Since the Ottawa Charter (WHO, 1986), the health promotion movement has embraced a broader view of the role of advocacy. The public health community now see advocacy as social action primarily aimed at effecting changes in legislation, policy and environments that support healthy living. Advocacy is defined by the World Health Organization as a combination of individual and social actions designed to gain political commitment, policy support, social acceptance and systems support for a particular health goal or programme (WHO, 1995). This paper describes a model for understanding and mobilising physical activity advocacy. It outlines a three step process: 1. Gathering and translating the most pertinent physical activity evidence. Why advocate for physical activity? 2. Developing from the evidence, a physical activity advocacy agenda and articulating a plan (or plans) of key actions that will increase population levels of physical activity. What should be advocated? 3. Implementing a mix of advocacy strategies to influence and mobilise support for the physical activity agenda. How should advocacy be implemented?