The gut microbiota ecology: a new opportunity for the treatment of metabolic diseases?
The gut microbiota ecology: a new opportunity for the treatment of metabolic diseases?
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DOI：
10.2741/3589
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Amar, Jacques
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burcelin, Remy;Luche, Elodie;Amar, Jacques
在人类中，肠道菌群是从我们的父母和环境中遗传的。它与宿主建立了一种生态互惠关系，使每一种生物都能从共生关系中获益。基于最近的证据，已经提出了肠道微生物菌群在控制能量代谢中的作用的一些分子机制。在代谢疾病如肥胖症和糖尿病期间，已经提出两种优势有益细菌群（拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门）之间的不平衡产生控制上皮肠细胞基因表达的信号。参与脂质代谢的基因如快速诱导脂肪细胞因子被认为是推定的靶点。此外，细菌提取物如脂多糖控制先天免疫系统的张力，从而调节一般炎症状态、胰岛素抵抗和脂肪组织可塑性。因此，旨在控制肠道微生物菌群和宿主之间的生态互惠关系的策略应该会带来治疗和健康益处的新时代。
In humans, the intestinal microflora is inherited from our parents and from the environment. It has established an ecological mutualism with the host, allowing each organism to benefit from the symbiotic relationship. Based on recent evidence, some molecular mechanisms for the role of intestinal microflora on the control of energy metabolism have been proposed. During metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, it has been proposed that an imbalance between the two dominant groups of beneficial bacteria, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes, generates signals controlling the expression of genes by the epithelial intestinal cells. Genes involved in lipid metabolism such as the Fast Induced Adipocyte Factor have been considered as putative targets. In addition, bacterial extracts such as the lipopolysaccharides control the tone of the innate immune system thus regulating the general inflammatory status, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue plasticity. Therefore, strategies aimed at controlling the ecological mutualism between intestinal microflora and the host should lead to a new era of therapeutic and health benefits.