Structural and Functional Dynamics of Soil Microbes following Spruce Beetle Infestation
Structural and Functional Dynamics of Soil Microbes following Spruce Beetle Infestation
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云杉甲虫侵染后土壤微生物的结构和功能动态
DOI：
10.1128/aem.01984-19
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Stump, William L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Custer, Gordon F.;van Diepen, Linda T. A.;Stump, William L.
随着小蠹的范围扩展到新的森林和林地，了解它们对多个营养级的影响变得越来越重要。迄今为止，许多注意力已经支付给树皮甲虫虫害影响的地上过程，重点是光合自养生物和生态系统水平的过程。然而，小蠹对地下过程的间接影响，特别是土壤微生物区系的结构和功能，在很大程度上仍然是一个黑匣子。我们的研究探讨了小蠹引起的树木死亡对土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响，使用高通量测序的土壤细菌和真菌群落和胞外酶活性的测量。结果表明，树皮甲虫的侵扰影响土壤条件，通过增加土壤含水量，pH值，电导率，和碳/氮比和改变散装和根际土壤微生物群落结构和功能。最后，酶活性增加表明树皮甲虫侵染后微生物分解增加。随着酶活性的增加，有机基质中的营养物质可能会被幼苗吸收，并可能改变森林再生的轨迹。我们的研究结果表明，需要将微生物过程纳入生态系统水平models.IMPORTANCE地下影响的树皮甲虫侵扰还没有被探索为彻底的地上同行。为了准确地模拟小蠹引起的树木死亡对碳和养分循环以及森林更新的影响，必须研究土壤微生物群落的复杂性。在这项研究中，我们研究了小树皮甲虫侵扰后土壤细菌和真菌群落的结构和功能。我们的研究结果表明，树皮甲虫侵扰影响土壤条件，以及土壤微生物群落结构和功能。
As the range of bark beetles expands into new forests and woodlands, the need to understand their effects on multiple trophic levels becomes increasingly important. To date, much attention has been paid to the aboveground processes affected by bark beetle infestation, with a focus on photoautotrophs and ecosystem level processes. However, indirect effects of bark beetle on belowground processes, especially the structure and function of soil microbiota remains largely a black box. Our study examined the impacts of bark beetle-induced tree mortality on soil microbial community structure and function using high-throughput sequencing of the soil bacterial and fungal communities and measurements of extracellular enzyme activities. The results suggest bark beetle infestation affected edaphic conditions through increased soil water content, pH, electrical conductivity, and carbon/nitrogen ratio and altered bulk and rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and function. Finally, increased enzymatic activity suggests heightened microbial decomposition following bark beetle infestation. With this increase in enzymatic activity, nutrients trapped in organic substrates may become accessible to seedlings and potentially alter the trajectory of forest regeneration. Our results indicate the need for incorporation of microbial processes into ecosystem level models.IMPORTANCE Belowground impacts of bark beetle infestation have not been explored as thoroughly as their aboveground counterparts. In order to accurately model impacts of bark beetle-induced tree mortality on carbon and nutrient cycling and forest regeneration, the intricacies of soil microbial communities must be examined. In this study, we investigated the structure and function of soil bacterial and fungal communities following bark beetle infestation. Our results show bark beetle infestation to impact soil conditions, as well as soil microbial community structure and function.