Continuity or Change? (In)direct Rule in British and French Colonial Africa
Continuity or Change? (In)direct Rule in British and French Colonial Africa
复制标题
连续性还是变化？
DOI：
10.1017/s0020818320000211
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Carl Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carl Müller
摘要 非洲当前的政治秩序常常与殖民主义的遗产，特别是间接殖民统治的遗产联系在一起。然而，关于适用间接规则的证据很少。在本文中，我认为帝国层面的特征与前殖民制度相互作用，塑造了地方统治的间接性。首先，英国政府的统治比法国政府更为间接，法国政府遵循相对集中的行政蓝图，具有变革性的共和意识形态，并拥有更多的行政资源。根据经验，我发现法国殖民统治导致十分之七的前殖民政体的继承顺序的终结，这一数字是英国统治时期的两倍。其次，殖民前的中央集权是间接统治的重要先决条件。来自八个英国殖民地的地方行政数据显示，英国殖民者减少了行政工作，并将更多权力下放给存在中央机构的地方当局。这种模式在法国殖民地并不存在。总之，这些发现增进了我们对前殖民制度的长期影响的理解，并引起人们对主导单位和从属单位特征在塑造地方治理安排方面的相互作用的关注。
Abstract Current political order in Africa is often linked to legacies of colonialism, in particular to legacies of indirect colonial rule. However, evidence about the application of indirect rule is scarce. In this paper I argue that empire-level characteristics interacted with precolonial institutions in shaping the indirectness of local rule. First, British governments ruled more indirectly than French administrations, which followed a comparatively centralized administrative blueprint, came with a transformative republican ideology, and had more administrative resources. Empirically, I find that French colonization led to the demise of the lines of succession of seven out of ten precolonial polities, twice as many as under British rule. Second, precolonial centralization was a crucial prerequisite for indirect rule. Local administrative data from eight British colonies show that British colonizers employed less administrative effort and devolved more power to native authorities where centralized institutions existed. Such a pattern did not exist in French colonies. Together, these findings improve our understanding of the long-term effects of precolonial institutions and draw attention to the interaction of characteristics of dominant and subordinate units in shaping local governance arrangements.
不平等、不满和内战
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cederman Lars-Erik
通讯作者：
Cederman Lars-Erik