Stress Vulnerability during Adolescent Development in Rats
Stress Vulnerability during Adolescent Development in Rats
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DOI：
10.1210/en.2010-0658
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Herman, James P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jankord, Ryan;Solomon, Matia B.;Herman, James P.
青春期的发展被认为是压力易感性增加的时期。在青春期，大脑表现出高度的可塑性，并可能受到环境的积极或消极影响。这项研究验证了这样一种假设，即青春期的发展是一个更容易受到慢性压力影响的阶段。雄性SD大鼠在三个发育阶段暴露于我们的14d慢性可变应激(CVS)范式：1)青春期早期(35d；CVS开始时的年龄)；2)青春期晚期(50d)；或3)成年期(80d)。我们研究了CVS对以下方面的影响：1)抑郁样行为；2)躯体指数；3)下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴活动；以及4)下丘脑神经肽表达。结果表明，无论年龄大小，暴露于CVS：1)体重减轻；2)肾上腺增大；3)脂肪重量减轻；4)HPA对压力的反应增强。CVS的躯体效应在青春期晚期的动物中被夸大了，并且青春期晚期的动物是唯一一组CVS降低催产素表达和增加基础皮质酮的组。作为对CVS的反应，成年动物在强迫游泳测试中增加了不动，而早期和晚期青春期动物对慢性应激对类抑郁行为的影响具有抵抗力。结果表明，青春期动物免受慢性应激对类抑郁行为的影响，而青春期晚期动物更容易受到慢性应激的躯体、HPA轴和神经肽的影响。因此，青春期发育是应对慢性压力影响的一个独特的脆弱性和保护窗口。(内分泌学152：629-638,2011)
Adolescent development is proposed to represent a time of increased susceptibility to stress. During adolescence, the brain demonstrates a high level of plasticity and can be positively or negatively affected by the environment. This study tests the hypothesis that adolescent development is a stage of enhanced vulnerability to chronic stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to our 14-d chronic variable stress (CVS) paradigm at three developmental stages: 1) early adolescence (35 d; age at initiation of CVS); 2) late adolescence (50 d); or 3) adulthood (80 d). We examined the effects of CVS on the following: 1) depression-like behavior; 2) somatic indices; 3) hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity; and 4) neuropeptide expression in the hypothalamus. Results show, regardless of age, CVS exposure: 1) decreased body weight; 2) increased adrenal size; 3) decreased fat weight; and 4) increased HPA response to stress. The somatic effects of CVS were exaggerated in late adolescent animals, and late adolescent animals were the only group where CVS decreased oxytocin expression and increased basal corticosterone. In response to CVS, adult animals increased immobility during the forced-swim test while early and late adolescent animals were resistant to the effects of chronic stress on depression-like behavior. Results show that adolescent animals were protected from the effect of chronic stress on depression-like behavior while late adolescent animals were more susceptible to the somatic, HPA axis, and neuropeptide effects of chronic stress. Thus, adolescent development is a unique window of vulnerabilities and protections to the effects of chronic stress. (Endocrinology 152: 629-638, 2011)