Eye Movements as a Means to Evaluate and Improve Robots
Eye Movements as a Means to Evaluate and Improve Robots
复制标题
眼动作为评估和改进机器人的手段
DOI：
10.1007/s12369-009-0033-3
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
H. Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jan Zwickel;H. Müller
随着机器人能力的提高，它们开始在日常环境中发挥作用。这就需要从以机器人为中心（即教人类适应机器人）向以人为中心（机器人自然地融入人类活动）迈出一步。实现这一点将提高机器人使用的效率（例如，缩短学习所需的时间），减少错误，并提高用户的接受度。由于凝视在人类交流中的核心重要性，机器人相机控制将在更自然、更容易解释的行为中发挥重要作用。这项研究旨在通过更好地理解人类在社交场合的凝视行为，为改善相机控制迈出第一步。为此，我们记录了人类观看不同类型电影时的眼球运动。在所有的电影中，同样的两个三角形以一种自我推进的方式四处移动。然而，至关重要的是，一些电影将心理状态归因于三角形，而另一些则没有。这使我们能够直接区分与（感知到的）社会情境中心理状态归因相关的眼动模式和非社会情境中的模式。我们认为，更好地理解人类在社交场合的凝视模式的特征将有助于塑造机器人的行为，使人类与机器人的交流更加自然，并在人类和机器人之间建立共同的注意力（对某些物体）。此外，更好地理解人类在社交场合的凝视将为评估机器人是否被视为社会代理人而不是无意识的机器提供一种衡量标准。这有助于决定机器人应该表现出哪些行为，以便被视为一个社会互动伙伴。
With an increase in their capabilities, robots start to play a role in everyday settings. This necessitates a step from a robot-centered (i.e., teaching humans to adapt to robots) to a more human-centered approach (where robots integrate naturally into human activities). Achieving this will increase the effectiveness of robot usage (e.g., shortening the time required for learning), reduce errors, and increase user acceptance. Robotic camera control will play an important role for a more natural and easier-to-interpret behavior, owing to the central importance of gaze in human communication. This study is intended to provide a first step towards improving camera control by a better understanding of human gaze behavior in social situations. To this end, we registered the eye movements of humans watching different types of movies. In all movies, the same two triangles moved around in a self-propelled fashion. However, crucially, some of the movies elicited the attribution of mental states to the triangles, while others did not. This permitted us to directly distinguish eye movement patterns relating to the attribution of mental states in (perceived) social situations, from the patterns in non-social situations. We argue that a better understanding of what characterizes human gaze patterns in social situations will help shape robotic behavior, make it more natural for humans to communicate with robots, and establish joint attention (to certain objects) between humans and robots. In addition, a better understanding of human gaze in social situations will provide a measure for evaluating whether robots are perceived as social agents rather than non-intentional machines. This could help decide which behaviors a robot should display in order to be perceived as a social interaction partner.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Lee, Barry B.;Sun, Hao;Zucchini, Walter
通讯作者：
Zucchini, Walter