Bacterial Contamination on Latrine Surfaces in Community and Household Latrines in Kathmandu, Nepal
Bacterial Contamination on Latrine Surfaces in Community and Household Latrines in Kathmandu, Nepal
复制标题
尼泊尔加德满都社区和家庭厕所厕所表面的细菌污染
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Murphy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. McGinnis;D. Marini;Prakash Amatya;H. Murphy
卫生基础设施的缺乏是造成全球腹泻疾病负担的一个主要原因，特别是在低收入国家。获得基本卫生设施被确定为 2015 年联合国可持续发展目标的一部分。然而，出于对安全、公平和清洁的担忧，当前“基本”卫生基础设施的定义不包括社区或共享卫生设施。本研究的目的是测量和比较尼泊尔加德满都社区和家庭厕所表面的细菌污染。从两个社区和五个家庭厕所收集了 119 份拭子样本。社区厕所样本在日常清洁前后采集，家庭样本则在中午采集，以反映正常情况。使用膜过滤方法测量总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌的浓度。结果发现，社区厕所和家庭厕所的厕所表面细菌污染几乎没有差异，但在肮脏条件下的社区厕所中，厕所板/马桶座的污染程度更高。该研究还确定了污染程度较高的表面。调查结果表明，维护良好的社区厕所可能与家庭厕所一样干净或更清洁，并支持使用社区厕所来改善低收入国家环境卫生基础设施的使用。
A lack of sanitation infrastructure is a major contributor to the global burden of diarrheal disease, particularly in low-income countries. Access to basic sanitation was identified as part of the 2015 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, current definitions of “basic” sanitation infrastructure exclude community or shared sanitation, due to concerns around safety, equity, and cleanliness. The purpose of this study was to measure and compare bacterial contamination on community and household latrine surfaces in Kathmandu, Nepal. One hundred and nineteen swab samples were collected from two community and five household latrines sites. Community latrine samples were taken before and after daily cleaning, while household samples were collected at midday, to reflect normal conditions. Concentrations of total coliforms and Escherichia coli were measured using membrane filtration methods. Results found almost no differences between bacterial contamination on latrine surfaces in community and household latrines, with the exception of latrine slabs/seats that were more contaminated in the community latrines under dirty conditions. The study also identified surfaces with higher levels of contamination. Findings demonstrated that well-maintained community latrines may be as clean, or cleaner, than household latrines and support the use of community latrines for improving access to sanitation infrastructure in a low-income country setting.