Electro-optical signatures comparisons of geosynchronous satellites
Electro-optical signatures comparisons of geosynchronous satellites
复制标题
地球同步卫星电光特征比较
DOI：
10.1109/aero.2006.1655912
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Luu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Payne;S. Gregory;K. Luu
自1996年以来，美国空军研究实验室一直在观察地球同步卫星的彩色光度特征。最近，我们已经建立了模型和辐射模拟，以帮助了解卫星辐射特征的物理。我们报告的结果的建设模型的地球同步轨道和比较所产生的模拟光度签名的模型，这些卫星使用CCD技术获得的经验光度数据。我们认为这些模型是“一阶”的，因为它们采用精确的基本尺寸和形状沿着具有典型航天器材料的优良反射率功能。然而，他们还没有尝试表示镜面反射闪光，我们也没有材料的地面真理知识。它们也不包括卫星上的精细结构。这些模型基本上由三个方面组成：太阳能电池板、主总线结构和大型天线。观察到的签名被定义为作为相位角的函数的亮度和颜色。亮度和颜色是指基于可见光约翰逊滤波器，SILC滤波器（一套专门的卫星识别滤波器），和近红外扩展的约翰逊滤波器的星等系统。模拟签名计算在这个相同的震级系统。我们模拟的卫星包括：AMSC 1、Msat M1、Telstar 7、DTV 2、DTV 1 R、Solidaridad 1和2以及Anik F1。我们有不同程度的成功匹配的经验数据的例子将显示。这项工作包括进行联合观测/建模计划，我们试图在零相位角条件附近测量太阳能电池板材料的反射率，这是一种难以在实验室中复制的条件。这些观察的应用显着提高了我们的模拟签名与观察到的颜色光度签名的协议。这些建模工作的重要性在于几个制度，包括模拟异常签名的分辨率，最大限度地提高观测策略的效率，并提高对彩色光度观测能力的理解，以区分航天器材料和结构，在缺乏空间分辨图像
The Air Force Research Laboratory has observed the color photometric signatures of geosynchronous (GEO) satellites since 1996. Recently, we have constructed models and a radiometric simulation in order to aid in understanding the physics of satellite radiometric signatures. We report on the results of the construction of models of GEOs and the comparison of the resulting simulated photometric signature from the models to empirical photometric data obtained of these satellites using CCD technology. We regard these models to be of "first order" in that they employ accurate basic sizes and shapes along with excellent reflectivity functions for typical spacecraft materials. However, they do not yet attempt to represent specular glints nor do we have ground truth knowledge of materials. They also do not include fine structure on the satellite. The models are basically made of three facets: solar panels, main bus structure, and large antennae. The observed signatures are defined as the brightness and colors as functions of phase angle. The brightness and colors are referred to the magnitude systems based on visible Johnson filters, SILC filters (a specialized set of filters for satellite discrimination), and near-IR extension of the Johnson filters. The simulated signatures are calculated in this same magnitude system. The satellites that we have modeled include: AMSC1, Msat M1, Telstar 7, DTV 2, DTV1R, Solidaridad 1 and 2, and Anik F1. We have varying degrees of success matching the empirical data for which examples will be shown. This effort includes the conduction of a joint observation/modeling program in which we have attempted to measure the reflectance of solar panel materials near the condition of zero phase angles, which is a condition that is difficult to duplicate in the laboratory. Application of these observations has dramatically improved the agreement of our simulated signatures with observed color photometric signatures. The importance of these modeling efforts lies in several regimes including simulating anomalous signatures for the purpose of resolution, maximizing the efficiency of observing strategies, and improving understanding of the ability of color photometric observations to distinguish spacecraft materials and structures in the absence of spatial-resolved imagery