Effects of different levels of rapeseed cake containing high glucosinolates in steer ration on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and the rumen microbial community
Effects of different levels of rapeseed cake containing high glucosinolates in steer ration on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility and the rumen microbial community
复制标题
育肥日粮中不同含量高硫苷菜籽饼对瘤胃发酵、养分消化率及瘤胃微生物群落的影响
DOI：
10.1017/s0007114520002767
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-14
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Zhao, Guangyong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Jian;Sun, Yanfeng;Zhao, Guangyong
摘要本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加高硫代葡萄糖苷（GLS）油菜籽饼（RSC）对阉牛瘤胃发酵、营养物质消化及瘤胃微生物群落的影响。试验采用4 × 4拉丁方重复设计，8头生长阉牛和4种添加RSC （GLS 226·1 μmol/g DM）的饲粮（0·00、2·65、5·35和8·00 % DM）。结果表明：增加RSC水平可提高瘤胃硫氰酸盐（SCN）浓度（P < 0.01），降低氨氮（NH3-N）浓度和异戊酸摩尔比（P < 0.05），对瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸浓度（P < 0.05）无影响，降低粗蛋白质（CP）消化率（P < 0.05），提高粗脂肪（EE）消化率（P < 0.01）。提高RSC水平有降低瘤胃嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌（P = 0.055）和白色瘤胃球菌（P = 0.086）丰度的趋势，但对产甲烷菌、原生动物、真菌和其他细菌的丰度没有影响（P = 0.05）。日粮中RSC水平的提高对瘤胃细菌多样性无显著影响（P < 0.05），但增加了瘤胃细菌的操作分类单位和丰富度（P < 0.05），影响了部分细菌在门和属水平上的相对丰度（P < 0.05）。综上所述，RSC降低了瘤胃NH3-N浓度和粗蛋白质消化率，提高了粗脂肪消化率，部分影响了瘤胃细菌群落。SCN作为GLS的代谢物，可能是影响这些指标的主要因素。
Abstract This trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary rapeseed cake (RSC) containing high glucosinolates (GLS) on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion and the rumen microbial community in steers. Eight growing steers and four rations containing RSC (GLS 226·1 μmol/g DM) at 0·00, 2·65, 5·35 and 8·00 % DM were assigned in a replicate 4 × 4 Latin square design. The results indicated that increasing RSC levels increased the ruminal concentration of thiocyanate (SCN) (P < 0·01), decreased the ruminal concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and the molar proportion of isovalerate (P < 0·05), did not affect the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids (P > 0·05), decreased the crude protein (CP) digestibility (P < 0·05) and increased the ether extract (EE) digestibility (P < 0·01). Increasing RSC levels tended to decrease the abundances of ruminal Ruminobacter amylophilus (P = 0·055) and Ruminococcus albus (P = 0·086) but did not affect methanogens, protozoa, fungi and other bacteria (P > 0·05). Increasing RSC levels in the ration did not affect the ruminal bacterial diversity (P > 0·05), but it increased the operational taxonomic units and the bacterial richness (P < 0·05) and affected the relative abundances of some bacteria at the phylum level and genus level (P < 0·05). In conclusion, RSC decreased the ruminal concentration of NH3-N and the CP digestibility, increased the EE digestibility and partly affected the ruminal bacterial community. SCN, as the metabolite of GLS, could be a major factor affecting these indices.