Racial Disparities in Community Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorders Over Time; Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 2000-2006
Racial Disparities in Community Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorders Over Time; Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 2000-2006
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DOI：
10.1097/dbp.0b013e31820b4260
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Van Naarden-Braun, Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jarquin, Vanessa G.;Wiggins, Lisa D.;Van Naarden-Braun, Kim
目的：以往的研究表明，非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）儿童比非西班牙裔白人（NHW）儿童更不太可能被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD），即使他们似乎符合该疾病的标准。本研究调查了基于人群的监测系统所确定的非西班牙裔黑人和非西班牙裔白人儿童在社区对自闭症谱系障碍识别方面的差异。方法：参与者是在2000年、2002年、2004年和2006年监测年度中被亚特兰大都市发育障碍监测项目确定为自闭症谱系障碍监测病例的。提取并审查健康和教育记录以确定自闭症谱系障碍监测病例状态；社区识别是由记录中的自闭症谱系障碍诊断、特殊教育资格以及所记录的行为来定义的。根据自闭症谱系障碍的特异性，儿童被归入5个相互排斥的类别之一。结果：非西班牙裔白人儿童的自闭症谱系障碍总患病率高于非西班牙裔黑人儿童，但非西班牙裔黑人儿童比非西班牙裔白人儿童更有可能在记录中有公立学校记录的自闭症和自闭症资格。即使在控制了社会经济地位之后，非西班牙裔黑人儿童比非西班牙裔白人儿童更不太可能在记录中有未特定的广泛性发育障碍和阿斯伯格障碍。非西班牙裔黑人儿童比非西班牙裔白人儿童更有可能伴有智力残疾。结论：非西班牙裔黑人儿童比非西班牙裔白人儿童更不太可能被识别出患有较轻的自闭症谱系障碍，这可能会阻止或延误满足他们需求的干预服务。本研究表明需要持续的专业教育，特别是关于少数群体中较轻的自闭症谱系障碍方面。（《发育与行为儿科学杂志》2011年第32卷第179 - 187页）
Objective: Past research indicates that non-Hispanic black (NHB) children are less likely than non-Hispanic white (NHW) children to have an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis, even if they seem to meet criteria for the disorder. This study examined differences in community identification of ASDs between NHB and NHW children identified by a population-based surveillance system. Methods: Participants were identified as an ASD surveillance case by the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program in surveillance years 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006. Health and education records were abstracted and reviewed to determine ASD surveillance case status; community identification was defined by a documented ASD diagnosis, special education eligibility, and behaviors noted in records. Children were placed in 1 of 5 mutually exclusive categories on the basis of ASD specificity. Results: Total ASD prevalence was higher for NHW than NHB children, but NHB children were more likely than NHW children to have autistic disorder and autism eligibility at a public school documented in records. NHB children were less likely than NHW children to have pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified and Asperger's disorder documented in records, even after controlling for socioeconomic status. NHB children were more likely than NHW children to have co-occurring intellectual disability. Conclusion: NHB children were less likely than NHW children to have been identified with less severe ASDs, which might have prevented or delayed intervention services that would have catered to their needs. This study illustrates the need for continued professional education, particularly concerning milder ASDs in minority groups. (J Dev Behav Pediatr 32:179-187, 2011)