A Study of Fire-Use Activities at Shuidonggou Locality 12
A Study of Fire-Use Activities at Shuidonggou Locality 12
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发表时间：
2009
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通讯作者：
Gao Xing
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作者：
Gao Xing
2007年，在宁夏回族自治区水洞沟旧石器时代遗址12号遗址的厚灰层中试掘时，出土了万余块碎石片。通过AMS和OSL方法，确定该碎石片的文化层位距今11000—12000年。对碎石片的形态观察和岩性分析表明，这些碎石片是距今11000—12000年的碎石片。古代人类选择、运输、加热和利用的结果。对类似石器材料的实验研究支持了这样的观点，即这些碎块经过了反复加热和浸水的过程。因此，推测这些碎块是古代人类用来辅助烹饪食物和煮水的“煮石”。从现场附近的地面和地下来源采集的水样的化学测试表明，肠道芽孢杆菌含量很高，因此天然水在没有加热的情况下无法直接利用古环境研究指出，晚更新世晚期，该地区的人类拥有多种植物性食物资源，其中一些植物性食物，尤其是种子，必须经过煮沸或煮熟后才能供人类食用。从中国旧石器时代遗存中首次发现复杂且间接的用火方式，即热岩烹饪，为研究古代人类提供了宝贵的资料。适应性策略和人类用火历史的发展。
In 2007,over ten thousand cracked stone pieces were unearthed during a test excavation from a thick ashy layer at Locality 12 of the Shuidonggou Paleolithic site in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,North China.The cultural horizon yielding such fractured stone was dated to 11000—12000 BP by AMS and OSL methods.Morphological observations and lithological analysis of the broken stones indicated that they were the result of ancient human selection,transport,heating,and utilization.Experimental studies on similar lithic materials support the idea that such cracked pieces went through the process of repeated heating and water immersion.Therefore,it is presumed that these pieces were "cook stones" used by ancient humans to aid in the cooking of foods and boiling of water.Chemical tests on water samples collected from ground and underground sources near the site indicate a high intestinal Bacillus content,and thus natural water could not have been utilized directly without heat treatment.Paleoenvironmental studies point out that during the late Upper Pleistocene,many kinds of plant food resources were available to human groups living in the region,and that some of such plant foods,especially seeds,would be edible to humans only after being boiled or cooked.It is the first time that evidence of complex and an indirect way of fire use,i.e.,hot-rock cookery,has been recognized from Paleolithic remains in China,and thus,such boiling stones provide valuable information for studying ancient human adaptative strategies and the development of human fire-use history.