Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored vaccine induces long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease.
Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored vaccine induces long-lasting immunity against Nipah virus disease.
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DOI：
10.1172/jci164946
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发表时间：
2023-02-01
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Geisbert, Thomas W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woolsey, Courtney;Borisevich, Viktoriya;Fears, Alyssa C.;Agans, Krystle N.;Deer, Daniel J.;Prasad, Abhishek N.;O'Toole, Rachel;Foster, Stephanie L.;Dobias, Natalie S.;Geisbert, Joan B.;Fenton, Karla A.;Cross, Robert W.;Geisbert, Thomas W.
新型亨尼帕病毒--琅琊病毒的出现在中国导致30多人患病后，引起了全球的关注。人们高度关注的是，作为呼吸道病原体的亨尼帕病毒可能引发另一场大流行，最值得注意的是致命的尼帕病毒（NiV）。NiV在孟加拉国和印度几乎每年都会爆发，并在人类中引起高度致命的呼吸道疾病和脑炎。没有针对该病原体的许可对策。理想的NiV疫苗将提供快速作用和长期保护。最近，我们报道了一种表达NiV糖蛋白的重组水泡性口炎病毒疫苗（rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG）的产生，该疫苗在一周内保护100%的非人灵长类动物免受NiV相关致死性。在此，为了评估rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG的耐久性，我们在用均匀致死剂量的NiV攻击前一年对非洲绿色猴（AGM）进行了疫苗接种。rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG疫苗诱导稳定和稳健的体液应答，而细胞应答是适度的。所有免疫的AGM（无论是接受单剂量还是初免-加强）均存活，没有可检测的临床体征或NiV复制。转录组学分析表明，适应性免疫特征与疫苗介导的保护相关。虽然用于某些呼吸道感染的疫苗（例如，尽管rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG尚未提供持久的保护，但我们的结果表明rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG具有持久的免疫力。
The emergence of the novel henipavirus, Langya virus, received global attention after the virus sickened over three dozen people in China. There is heightened concern that henipaviruses, as respiratory pathogens, could spark another pandemic, most notably the deadly Nipah virus (NiV). NiV causes near-annual outbreaks in Bangladesh and India and induces a highly fatal respiratory disease and encephalitis in humans. No licensed countermeasures against this pathogen exist. An ideal NiV vaccine would confer both fast-acting and long-lived protection. Recently, we reported the generation of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–based (rVSV-based) vaccine expressing the NiV glycoprotein (rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG) that protected 100% of nonhuman primates from NiV-associated lethality within a week. Here, to evaluate the durability of rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG, we vaccinated African green monkeys (AGMs) one year before challenge with an uniformly lethal dose of NiV. The rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG vaccine induced stable and robust humoral responses, whereas cellular responses were modest. All immunized AGMs (whether receiving a single dose or prime-boosted) survived with no detectable clinical signs or NiV replication. Transcriptomic analyses indicated that adaptive immune signatures correlated with vaccine-mediated protection. While vaccines for certain respiratory infections (e.g., COVID-19) have yet to provide durable protection, our results suggest that rVSV-ΔG-NiVBG elicits long-lasting immunity.