GPU-based fast gamma index calculation.

GPU-based fast gamma index calculation.
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DOI:
10.1088/0031-9155/56/5/014
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发表时间:
2011-03-07
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Jiang SB
Jiang SB
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gu X;Jia X;Jiang SB

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γ指数剂量比较工具已广泛用于比较癌症放射治疗中的剂量分布。γ指数的精确计算需要在高分辨率剂量-距离空间中穷举搜索最近的欧氏距离。当处理3D剂量分布时,这是计算密集型任务。在这项工作中,我们将联合收割机的几何方法与径向预排序技术相结合,并在计算机图形处理单元(GPU)上实现。基于GPU的γ指数计算工具的八对IMRT剂量分布进行了评估。在一张NVIDIA Tesla C1060卡上,所有3D测试用例的γ指数计算都可以在几秒钟内完成,与在英特尔至强2.27 GHz处理器上进行的CPU计算相比,实现了45-75倍的加速。我们进一步研究了各种因素对CPU和GPU计算时间的影响。基于剂量差值对体素进行预排序的策略使GPU计算速度提高了约2.7-5.5倍。对于n维剂量分布,CPU上的γ指数计算时间与所有体素上的γn之和成比例,而GPU上的γ指数计算时间受γn分布的影响,并且与所有体素上的γn之和近似成比例。我们发现提高剂量分布的分辨率会导致CPU上计算时间的二次增加,而GPU上的计算时间则会增加不到二次。剂量差(DD)和一致距离(DTA)标准的值也对γ指数计算时间有影响。
The γ-index dose comparison tool has been widely used to compare dose distributions in cancer radiotherapy. The accurate calculation of γ-index requires an exhaustive search of the closest Euclidean distance in the high-resolution dose-distance space. This is a computational intensive task when dealing with 3D dose distributions. In this work, we combine a geometric method with a radial pre-sorting technique, and implement them on computer graphics processing units (GPUs). The developed GPU-based γ-index computational tool is evaluated on eight pairs of IMRT dose distributions. The γ-index calculations can be finished within a few seconds for all 3D testing cases on one single NVIDIA Tesla C1060 card, achieving 45-75× speedup compared to CPU computations conducted on an Intel Xeon 2.27 GHz processor. We further investigated the effect of various factors on both CPU and GPU computation time. The strategy of pre-sorting voxels based on their dose difference values speeds up the GPU calculation by about 2.7-5.5 times. For n-dimensional dose distributions, γ-index calculation time on CPU is proportional to the summation of γn over all voxels, while that on GPU is affected by γn distributions and is approximately proportional to the γn summation over all voxels. We found increasing the resolution of dose distributions leads to quadratic increase of computation time on CPU, while less-than-quadratic increase on GPU. The values of dose difference (DD) and distance-to-agreement (DTA) criteria also have their impacts on γ-index calculation time.
DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/21/008
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影响因子: 3.5
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DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/54/20/017
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影响因子: 3.5
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