Impact of Tanzania's Wildlife Management Areas on household wealth
Impact of Tanzania's Wildlife Management Areas on household wealth
复制标题
坦桑尼亚野生动物管理区对家庭财富的影响
DOI：
10.1038/s41893-019-0458-0
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
Keane A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keane A
大规模的区域保护措施影响到全球数百万人。了解其社会影响对于提高效力和尽量减少负面影响是必要的。然而，量化影响广大地理区域和不同民族的保护措施的影响是昂贵的，在方法上具有挑战性，特别是因为这种评估应该捕捉当地定义的福祉概念，同时允许政策相关的比较。在这里，我们衡量坦桑尼亚野生动物管理区（WMAs）的影响，这是一个以社区为基础的国家保护和减贫倡议。我们使用一种新颖的，具有成本效益的影响评估方法的基础上参与财富排名和贝叶斯多层次模型。我们发现，从2007年到2015年，WMAs对财富的影响很小，而且变化很大，没有明显的证据表明广泛的贫困减少。附带的定性数据表明，在一个WMA明显的积极影响不能直接归因于WMA的活动。我们的研究结果表明，目前的WMA政策需要重新审视，如果它是促进积极的地方发展。
Large-scale area-based conservation measures affect millions of people globally. Understanding their social impacts is necessary to improve effectiveness and minimize negative consequences. However, quantifying the impacts of conservation measures that affect large geographic areas and diverse peoples is expensive and methodologically challenging, particularly because such evaluations should capture locally defined conceptions of well-being while permitting policy-relevant comparisons. Here, we measure the impact of Tanzania’s Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs), a national community-based conservation and poverty reduction initiative. We use a novel, cost-effective impact evaluation method based on participatory wealth ranking and Bayesian multilevel modelling. We find that from 2007 to 2015 the impacts of WMAs on wealth were small and variable, with no clear evidence of widespread poverty reduction. Accompanying qualitative data suggest that apparently positive effects in one WMA cannot be directly attributed to WMA activities. Our results suggest that current WMA policy needs to be revisited if it is to promote positive local development.