Genetic variation and relationships among seedling vigor traits in sorghum
Genetic variation and relationships among seedling vigor traits in sorghum
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2003.8240
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发表时间：
2003-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
N. Cisse;G. Ejeta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Cisse;G. Ejeta
高粱[Sorghum biolor(L.)对改善作物的林分结构很重要，特别是在干旱地区和播种期土壤温度较低的地区。研究了由两个不同自交系发展而成的重组高粱自交系群体的苗期活力性状的遗传变异、遗传力及其相互关系。在大田、培养箱和温室条件下对100个RI品系及其亲本L(非洲尾藻)和‘山渠红’(中国高粱)的幼苗活力进行了测定。收集了百粒重、苗木活力评分、12℃和22℃发芽率、出苗率、苗高和地上部干重等数据。这些苗木活力性状中的许多性状存在显著的遗传差异。田间活力得分以及在更受控制的环境中测量的那些性状都观察到了显著的遗传和加性差异。视觉评分、发芽率、出苗率和苗高的遗传力估计较高，而苗木干重的遗传力估计为低至中等。除百粒重外，苗木视觉评分与不同活力估计值的遗传相关系数均达极显著水平。在22℃的温室和培养箱中测量的性状之间存在显著的遗传相关。田间试验的视觉评分在综合发芽率、高温出苗率和地上部干重方面是有效的。显著的加性遗传方差表明，在高粱亲本SQR上观察到的优良幼苗活力可有效地用于提高低温下的萌发，以及在最适温度下的萌发、出苗和幼苗生长发育。
Seedling vigor in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is important for improving stand establishment of the crop, particularly in arid regions and in areas where low soil temperatures prevail at planting time. This study was conducted to examine the genetic variation, heritability, and relationships among seedling vigor traits in a recombinant inbred (RI) sorghum population developed from two contrasting inbreds. One hundred RI lines and their parents l'SRN39', an African caudatum and 'Shan Qui Red' (SQR), a Chinese kaoliang] were evaluated for seedling vigor in experiments conducted in the field, in an incubator, and in a greenhouse. Data on 100-kernel weight, visual seedling vigor scores, percentage germination at 12 and 22°C, percentage emergence, seedling height, and shoot dry weight were collected. Genotypic differences were significant for many of these seedling vigor traits. Significant genetic and additive variances were observed for field vigor scores as well as for those traits measured in the more controlled environments. Heritability estimates for visual scores, percentage germination, emergence, and seedling height were high, while those for seedling dry weight were low to medium. Genetic correlation coefficients of visual seedling scores with the different estimates of vigor were significant except for 100-seed weight. Significant genetic interrelationships were revealed among traits measured in the greenhouse and incubator at 22°C. Visual scores taken in field experiments appeared effective in integrating germination, emergence at high temperatures, and shoot dry weight. The significant additive genetic variances obtained indicate that the superior seedling vigor observed in the kaoliang parent, SQR, can be effectively utilized for improving germination in cold temperature, as well as germination, emergence, seedling growth, and development at optimum temperature.