Effects of Age Discrimination on Self-perceptions of Aging and Cancer Risk Behaviors
Effects of Age Discrimination on Self-perceptions of Aging and Cancer Risk Behaviors
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DOI：
10.1093/geront/gny183
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Stevens, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hooker, Karen;Mejia, Shannon T.;Stevens, Jonathan
背景和目的：近三分之一的老年人报告经历过年龄歧视。我们假设老年人的年龄歧视的日常经验和未来的健康行为与癌症风险之间的顺序联系，通过自我感知的老化（SPA）研究设计和方法：参与者是社区居住的受访者（年龄：51-96岁）从2008年，2012年和2014年的健康和退休研究（N = 4,467）。广义路径模型估计了2008年的年龄歧视对2012年近端SPA和2014年远端SPA的即时和持久影响。结果：年龄歧视与2012年较低的阳性SPA和较高的阴性SPA相关。2014年年龄歧视对身体活动、吸烟和饮酒的影响是由2012年的积极和消极SPA介导的。通过随后的SPA，那些在2008年经历过年龄歧视的人不太可能从事定期适度的体力活动，更有可能吸烟，并且在2014年每周饮酒超过3次的可能性更小。积极和消极的SPA的变化分析表明，年龄歧视对身体活动的影响是由积极的变化介导的，但不是消极的，SPA.Discussion和影响：年龄歧视的持久影响，发现通过减少积极的SPA。对于未来与癌症风险相关的健康行为，提高积极SPA可能与减少消极SPA一样重要。
Background and Objectives: Almost one-third of older adults report experiencing age discrimination. We hypothesized sequential links between older adults' everyday experiences of age discrimination and future health behaviors related to cancer risk through self-perceptions of aging (SPA).Research Design and Methods: Participants were community-dwelling respondents (age: 51-96 years) from the 2008, 2012, and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (N = 4,467). Generalized path models estimated the immediate and enduring effects of age discrimination in 2008 on proximal SPA in 2012 and distal health behaviors in 2014.Results: Age discrimination was associated with lower positive SPA and higher negative SPA in 2012. The effect of age discrimination on physical activity, smoking, and drinking in 2014 was mediated by positive and negative SPA in 2012. Through subsequent SPA, those who experienced age discrimination in 2008 were less likely to engage in regular moderate physical activity, more likely to smoke, and less likely to drink more than 3 times per week in 2014. Analysis of change in positive and negative SPA showed the effect of age discrimination on physical activity to be mediated by change in positive, but not negative, SPA.Discussion and Implications: The enduring effects of age discrimination were found through a reduction in positive SPA. Elevating positive SPA could be as important as reducing negative SPA for future health behaviors related to cancer risk.