Generation of self-fertilizing hermaphrodite fish from gonochoristic fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes).
Generation of self-fertilizing hermaphrodite fish from gonochoristic fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes).
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从雌雄异体鱼青鳉（Oryzias latipes）中产生自体受精的雌雄同体鱼。
DOI：
10.1159/000526073
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishimura;T. and Tanaka;M
简介 雌雄同体是一种生殖方式，涉及依次或同时拥有睾丸和卵巢的动物个体。产生雌雄同体的机制仍然未知。此前，我们将foxl3确定为雌性青鳉鱼（Oryzias latipes）的种系性别决定基因。 Foxl3 功能丧失 (foxl3−/−) 雌性在卵巢中产生有功能的精子和卵子。然而，由于每个配子产生的组织学分离，这两个配子不能自体受精。在这项研究中，我们试图通过使用foxl3−/−突变体改变种系性别并使用外源雄激素诱导体细胞部分性逆转，从雌性青鳉中产生自体受精的青鳉。方法foxl3−/− XX雌性在性成熟阶段用11-酮睾酮（11-KT）（一种强效硬骨鱼雄激素）处理30天（90-120 dph）。然后，这些鱼被保存在正常条件下，直到它们被解剖或与不育的雄性杂交。 结果和讨论我们表明，foxl3−/− XX 雌性青鳉可以通过用外源 11-KT 诱导形成雄性样结构，转化为自体受精的雌雄同体。自体受精发生在卵巢腔、输卵管或两者中，精子从可能源自生发上皮的管状结构中释放出来，这表明及时修改两种独立的机制，即种系性别的调节和体细胞的部分性别逆转，对于改变生殖模式至关重要。我们的研究结果将为雌雄同体脊椎动物的发育和进化提供见解，促进创新技术以提高对具有理想性状的鱼类的有效选择，并为拯救濒临灭绝的物种做出贡献。
IntroductionHermaphroditism is a mode of reproduction involving an individual animal that possesses both a testis and an ovary either sequentially or simultaneously. The mechanism creating hermaphrodites remains unknown. Previously, we identified foxl3 as the germline sex determination gene in a gonochoristic fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes). foxl3 loss-of-function (foxl3−/−) females produce functional sperm as well as eggs in the ovary. However, these two gametes are not self-fertilizing because of the histological separation of each gamete production. In this study, we attempted to generate self-fertilizing medaka from female medaka by modifying germline sex using foxl3−/− mutants and by using exogenous androgen to induce partial sex reversal of somatic cells.Methodsfoxl3−/− XX females were treated with 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), a potent teleost fish androgen, at the sexually mature stage for 30 days (90–120 dph). Then, the fish were kept under normal conditions until they were either being dissected or crossed with infertile males.Results and DiscussionWe showed that the foxl3−/− XX female medaka can be transformed into a self-fertilizing hermaphrodite by inducing the formation of a male-like structure with exogenous 11-KT. Self-fertilization occurs in either the ovarian cavity, the oviduct, or both where sperm is released from a tubule-like structure which is likely derived from germinal epithelium, suggesting that timely modification of 2 independent mechanisms, regulation of germline sex and partial sex reversal of somatic cells, are critical to change the reproduction mode. Our results will provide insights in developmental and evolutional occurrence of hermaphrodite vertebrates, facilitate an innovative technique to improve the efficient selection of fish with desirable traits, and contribute to the rescue of endangered species.