Autophagy and tumor suppression - Recent advances in understanding the link between autophagic cell death pathways and tumor development
Autophagy and tumor suppression - Recent advances in understanding the link between autophagic cell death pathways and tumor development
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4020-6554-5_9
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kimchi, Adi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bialik, Shani;Kimchi, Adi
自噬是细胞通过自我消耗细胞器和大量细胞质来释放其组分的过程。在紧张的时候，它可以产生急需的营养。然而，当过度激活时，细胞器的有序破坏可能导致细胞死亡。有时，自噬细胞死亡被用作细胞凋亡的替代方案，以消除不需要的、受损的或转化的细胞。与此一致，肿瘤发生与自噬的下调有关，并且介导该过程执行的基因已被证明是肿瘤抑制因子。与此同时，一些肿瘤细胞利用基础自噬作为一种生存机制，以防止缺血和诱导细胞凋亡的信号。因此，自噬和肿瘤发展之间的关系是复杂的。在这里，我们讨论了哺乳动物自噬的基本机制及其调节因子，特别强调那些与癌症有关的基因。支持自噬在肿瘤抑制和肿瘤进展中的不同性质的研究被提出。最后，我们对最近用调节自噬的策略治疗癌症的方法进行了调查。
Autophagy is a process by which the cell recycles its components through self-consumption of cellular organelles and bulk cytoplasm. In times of stress, it serves to generate much needed nutrients. When overactivated, however, the orderly destruction of organelles can lead to cell death. At times, autophagic cell death is used as an alternative to apoptosis to eliminate unwanted, damaged, or transformed cells. Consistent with this, tumorigenesis is associated with a down-regulation in autophagy, and genes that mediate the execution of the process have been shown to be tumor suppressors. At the same time, basal autophagy has been harnessed by some tumor cells as a survival mechanism to protect against ischemia and signals that induce apoptosis. Thus, the relationship between autophagy and tumor development is complex. Here, we discuss the basic machinery of mammalian autophagy and its regulators, with specific emphasis on those genes that have been linked to cancer. Research supporting the divergent nature of autophagy in both tumor suppression and tumor progression is presented. We conclude with a survey of recent approaches to treating cancer with strategies that modulate autophagy.