Intestinal lipid droplets as novel mediators of host pathogen interaction in Drosophila
Intestinal lipid droplets as novel mediators of host pathogen interaction in Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1242/bio.039040
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Eleftherianos, Ioannis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harsh, Sneh;Heryanto, Christa;Eleftherianos, Ioannis
脂滴是一种多功能的脂质细胞器，也可能与病原体相互作用，影响宿主的免疫反应。然而，这些相互作用的确切性质目前尚未探索。在这里，我们表明，非致病性大肠杆菌，细胞外细菌病原体发光杆菌或兼性细胞内病原体不对称发光杆菌的果蝇成年苍蝇全身感染的结果在肠道脂肪变性标志着在中肠的脂质积累。LD在中肠中的积累也与全身脂质水平增加相关，其特征在于调节脂肪生成的基因表达增加。富含脂质的中肠进一步显示肠内分泌分泌激素速激肽的表达减少。所观察到的脂质积累需要革兰氏阴性细胞壁模式识别分子PGRP-LC，而不是PGRP-LE，用于体液免疫应答。总之，我们的研究结果表明，果蝇LD是可诱导的细胞器，可以作为炎症的标志物，并且根据挑战的性质，它们可以决定感染的结果。
Lipid droplets (LDs) are lipid-carrying multifunctional organelles, which might also interact with pathogens and influence the host immune response. However, the exact nature of these interactions remains currently unexplored. Here we show that systemic infection of Drosophila adult flies with non-pathogenic Escherichia coli, the extracellular bacterial pathogen Photorhabdus luminescens or the facultative intracellular pathogen Photorhabdus asymbiotica results in intestinal steatosis marked by lipid accumulation in the midgut. Accumulation of LDs in the midgut also correlates with increased whole-body lipid levels characterized by increased expression of genes regulating lipogenesis. The lipid-enriched midgut further displays reduced expression of the enteroendocrine-secreted hormone, Tachykinin. The observed lipid accumulation requires the Gram-negative cell wall pattern recognition molecule, PGRP-LC, but not PGRP-LE, for the humoral immune response. Altogether, our findings indicate that Drosophila LDs are inducible organelles, which can serve as markers for inflammation and, depending on the nature of the challenge, they can dictate the outcome of the infection.