Epicardial adipose tissue: emerging physiological, pathophysiological and clinical features.
Epicardial adipose tissue: emerging physiological, pathophysiological and clinical features.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tem.2011.07.003
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bianco AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iacobellis G;Bianco AC
心外膜脂肪组织是一种不常见的内脏脂肪储存库，在解剖学和功能上与心肌和冠状动脉相邻。在生理条件下，心外膜脂肪组织显示出生物化学、机械和产热的心脏保护特性。在病理情况下，心外膜脂肪可通过促炎细胞因子的血管分泌或旁分泌局部影响心脏和冠状动脉。是什么影响了这种平衡仍不清楚。改善局部血管形成、减轻体重和有针对性的药物干预有助于使心外膜脂肪恢复其生理作用。本文综述了心外膜脂肪的生理学和病理生理学方面的新进展及其众多的创新性临床应用。特别强调心外膜脂肪的旁分泌/内分泌特性及其在动脉粥样硬化发展和进展中的作用。
Epicardial adipose tissue is an unusual visceral fat depot with anatomical and functional contiguity to the myocardium and coronary arteries. Under physiological conditions, epicardial adipose tissue displays biochemical, mechanical and thermogenic cardioprotective properties. Under pathological circumstances, epicardial fat can locally affect the heart and coronary arteries through vasocrine or paracrine secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. What influences this equilibrium remains unclear. Improved local vascularization, weight loss, and targeted pharmaceutical interventions could help to return epicardial fat to its physiological role. This review focuses on the emerging physiological and pathophysiological aspects of the epicardial fat and its numerous and innovative clinical applications. Particular emphasis is placed on the paracrine/endocrine properties of epicardial fat and its role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.