The genome of Chenopodium quinoa
The genome of Chenopodium quinoa
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DOI：
10.1038/nature21370
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发表时间：
2017-02-16
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Tester, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jarvis, David E.;Ho, Yung Shwen;Tester, Mark
藜麦（藜麦）是一种高营养谷物，被认为是改善世界粮食安全的重要作物。不幸的是，很少有资源可用于促进其遗传改良。在这里，我们报告了藜麦的高质量染色体规模参考基因组序列的组装，该序列是使用单分子实时测序结合光学、染色体接触和遗传图谱产生的。我们还报告了藜麦祖先基因库中两个二倍体的测序，这使得能够识别藜麦中的亚基因组，并报告了异源四倍体藜复合体的其他 22 个样本的缩小覆盖率基因组序列。基因组序列有助于识别可能控制藜麦种子中发现的抗营养三萜皂苷产生的转录因子，其中包括似乎导致选择性剪接的突变和甜藜麦菌株中的过早终止密码子。这些基因组资源是藜麦遗传改良的重要第一步。
Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) is a highly nutritious grain identified as an important crop to improve world food security. Unfortunately, few resources are available to facilitate its genetic improvement. Here we report the assembly of a high-quality, chromosome-scale reference genome sequence for quinoa, which was produced using single-molecule real-time sequencing in combination with optical, chromosome-contact and genetic maps. We also report the sequencing of two diploids from the ancestral gene pools of quinoa, which enables the identification of sub-genomes in quinoa, and reduced-coverage genome sequences for 22 other samples of the allotetraploid goosefoot complex. The genome sequence facilitated the identification of the transcription factor likely to control the production of anti-nutritional triterpenoid saponins found in quinoa seeds, including a mutation that appears to cause alternative splicing and a premature stop codon in sweet quinoa strains. These genomic resources are an important first step towards the genetic improvement of quinoa.