Nutritional Behaviour Differences in Germany
Nutritional Behaviour Differences in Germany
复制标题
德国的营养行为差异
DOI：
10.1515/reveh.1996.11.1-2.35
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
L. Heinemann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Thiel;L. Heinemann
20世纪60年代和70年代出现的东德和西德健康不平等不仅集中在心血管死亡率上，而且还集中在生活方式依赖的风险因素上，因此应该解决的问题是，德国的两个部分是否存在不同的饮食行为。为了回答这个问题，我们研究了两个随机抽样人口调查--东部的MONICA和西部的VERA--这两个调查是在20世纪80年代末进行的。德国东部居民的牛奶、植物油脂、新鲜蔬菜和热带水果的摄入量远低于西部居民，而香肠和黄油的摄入量则高于西部居民。因此，在统一之前，东部地区的脂肪热量摄入量较高，碳水化合物热量摄入量较低。统一后，由于食品供应的重大变化，预计德国东部的饮食习惯会发生变化。对柏林墙倒塌后东德饮食调查的分析表明，东德的食物供应得到改善，有更多的选择来规划健康的饮食，导致宏观和微观营养素摄入量的有利发展，消耗了更多的碳水化合物，维生素，钙和钾。
East- and west-German health inequalities that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s centered not only on cardiovascular mortality but also on lifestyle-dependent risk factors, thus a question that should be addressed is whether different dietary behaviours existed in the two sections of Germany. To answer this question, we examined two random-sample population surveys--MONICA in the east and VERA in the west--that were carried out during the late 1980s. In the eastern section of Germany, the consumption of milk, vegetable oil and fat, fresh vegetables and tropical fruits was much lower than that in the west, whereas the intake of sausages and butter was much higher. Consequently, the calorie intake in the east was higher for fat and lower for carbohydrates before reunification. Changes in dietary habits were anticipated in East Germany after reunification because of important changes in the food supply. Analysis of an east-German dietary survey that was carried out after the wall came down revealed that the improved food supply to the east, with more choices for planning a healthy diet, led to a favourable development in both macro- and micro-nutrient intake, more carbohydrates, vitamins, calcium, and potassium were consumed.