The xenobiotic receptors PXR and CAR in liver physiology, an update.
The xenobiotic receptors PXR and CAR in liver physiology, an update.
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肝脏生理学中的外源性受体PXR和CAR，更新。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166101
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发表时间：
2021-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xie W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai X;Young GM;Xie W
孕烷X受体（Pregnane X receptor，PXR）和组成型雄甾烷受体（constitutional androstane receptor，CAR）是两种核受体，通过调节药物代谢酶和转运蛋白的表达，参与外源性生物质的解毒。除了代谢药物和其他外源性物质外，相同的酶和转运蛋白也负责产生和消除许多内源性化学物质或内生菌。此外，PXR和CAR都在肝脏中高度表达。因此，可以想象，PXR和CAR具有通过调节内生菌的稳态来影响肝脏病理生理学的主要潜力。近年来，PXR和CAR在肝脏中的生理功能被广泛研究。新出现的证据表明PXR和CAR在能量代谢、胆汁酸稳态、细胞增殖中的作用，仅举几例。本文就PXR和CAR在肝脏生理学中的作用作一综述。
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) are two nuclear receptors that are well-known for their roles in xenobiotic detoxification by regulating the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. In addition to metabolizing drugs and other xenobiotics, the same enzymes and transporters are also responsible for the production and elimination of numerous endogenous chemicals, or endobiotics. Moreover, both PXR and CAR are highly expressed in the liver. As such, it is conceivable that PXR and CAR have major potentials to affect the pathophysiology of the liver by regulating the homeostasis of endobiotics. In recent years, the physiological functions of PXR and CAR in the liver were extensively studied. Emerging evidence has suggested the roles of PXR and CAR in energy metabolism, bile acid homeostasis, cell proliferation, to name a few. This review summarizes the recent progress in our understanding of the roles of PXR and CAR in liver physiology.
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