Directional bias in the body while walking through a doorway: its association with attentional and motor factors
Directional bias in the body while walking through a doorway: its association with attentional and motor factors
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-011-2621-3
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Maloney, Laurence T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fujikake, Hiroya;Higuchi, Takahiro;Maloney, Laurence T.
最近的研究表明，认知能力完好的人在穿过狭窄的门口时会频繁地经历向右碰撞。这种方向性偏差被归因于空间感知中的注意力偏差。然而，这些研究没有调查任何可能影响身体方向偏差的运动因素的参与。在本研究中，进行了三个实验来量化跨过门槛时前脚对通过门口时身体中点方向偏差的影响。参与者走过一个相对较宽的门口的感知中心。对上半身中点与门口中心的偏差的测量表明，前脚对方向偏差有非常大的影响。一些参与者无论用哪只脚穿过门口都会表现出右倾（实验1）。然而，在其他实验中没有观察到身体一致的右偏。一只手的运动（实验2）和对门一侧的隐蔽视觉注意（实验3）都会引起身体的对侧偏差。手的运动和视觉刺激很可能作为注意力提示，可以有效避免忽视同侧；结果，身体中点向对侧偏移。根据这些发现，我们得出结论，通过门口时运动轨迹的方向偏差是运动因素（特别是前脚）和注意力/大脑因素共同作用的结果。
Recent studies indicate that cognitively intact individuals experience frequent rightward collisions while walking through narrow doorways. Such a directional bias has been attributed to an attentional bias in spatial perception. However, these studies did not investigate the involvement of any motor factor that could affect the directional bias in the body. In the present study, three experiments were conducted to quantify the impact of the leading foot when crossing a doorway threshold on the directional bias in the body midpoint when passing through the doorway. Participants walked through the perceived center of a relatively wide doorway. Measurements of the deviation of the upper-body midpoint from the center of the doorway demonstrated that the leading foot had a very strong influence on the directional bias. Some participants showed rightward deviation irrespective of which foot was used to step through the doorway (Experiment 1). However, a consistent rightward bias in the body was not observed in other experiments. Both the movement of one hand (Experiment 2) and covert visual attention to one side of the door (Experiment 3) caused contralateral deviation of the body. It is likely that the movement of the hand and a visual stimulus serve as an attentional cue and are effective to avoid neglect of the ipsilateral side; as a result, the body midpoint is deviated to the contralateral side. From these findings, we conclude that the directional bias in locomotor trajectories while passing through a doorway results from the combination of a motor factor, particularly the leading foot, and attentional/brain factors.