Accumulation of lead in tree trunk bark pockets as pollution time capsules.
Accumulation of lead in tree trunk bark pockets as pollution time capsules.
复制标题
铅在树干树皮袋中积累，作为污染时间胶囊。
DOI：
10.1016/0048-9697(95)04955-x
复制
发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
K. Kimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Satake;Atushi Tanaka;K. Kimura
研究了树干树皮袋中铅的浓度，以了解其作为污染档案指标的潜在用途。所调查的树皮囊是针叶树Crypomeria japonica的树皮囊，它于1760-1780年（235-255年前）左右形成于东京以北约100公里的日光，大约在1786-1809年（186-209年前）形成于日本南部偏远地区的屋久岛。这些粳稻树皮袋中的铅浓度代表了每个地点约 20 年期间的总铅积累量，日光为 0.1 μg Pb g−1，屋久岛为 0.22 μg Pb g−1。相比之下，目前日光（1990）的粳稻外皮中的铅浓度约为 150 μg Pb g−1，屋久岛（1992）的铅浓度约为 1.4 μg Pb g−1。日本于 1949 年开始使用含铅汽油，这是大气中铅的主要来源，并在 1960 年至 1965 年期间达到顶峰。由于含铅汽油的生产于1987年停止，外皮中的铅浓度代表了大约40年期间的总量。因此，这些结果表明，距离东京相对较近的日光市的铅污染增加了约三个数量级，而相对较远的屋久岛则增加了一个数量级。
The concentration of lead in bark pockets of tree trunks was investigated for its potential use as an archival indicator of pollution. The bark pockets investigated were those of a conifer, Cryptomeria japonica, formed around 1760–1780 (235–255 years ago) at Nikko about 100 km north of Tokyo, and around 1786–1809 (186–209 years ago) on Yakushima Island, located in a remote southern region of Japan. The lead concentrations in these C. japonica bark pockets, representing the total lead accumulation during a period of about 20 years at each site, were 0.1 μg Pb g−1at Nikko and 0.22 μg Pb g−1at Yakushima. In contrast, the lead concentration in the outer bark of C. japonica at the present time is about 150 μg Pb g−1at Nikko (1990) and 1.4 μg Pb g−1at Yakushima (1992). The use of leaded gasoline, the main source of lead in the atmosphere, was initiated in Japan in 1949 and reached a maximum during 1960–1965. As the production of leaded gasoline was stopped in 1987, the lead concentration in the outer bark represents the total for a period of about 40 years. Therefore, these results suggest an increase in lead pollution of about three orders of magnitude at Nikko, which is relatively close to Tokyo, and one order of magnitude at Yakushima, which is relatively remote.