A conceptual framework for understanding phase separation and addressing open questions and challenges.

A conceptual framework for understanding phase separation and addressing open questions and challenges.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.018
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发表时间:
2022-06-16
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Pappu, Rohit, V
Pappu, Rohit, V
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mittag, Tanja;Pappu, Rohit, V

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作为细胞内空间组织的驱动力,大分子相分离因其潜在的重要性和相关性而被公认。在这里,我们描述了一个基于网络(渗流或凝胶)和密度(相分离)转变之间的协同作用的框架。因此,所讨论的相变被称为相分离与渗流耦合(PSCP)。PSCP产生的凝析油是粘弹性网络流体。这类系统具有序列、组成和拓扑特定的内部网络结构,这些结构在粘性和弹性属性之间产生依赖时间的相互作用。与纯粹的相分离不同,PSCP的过程产生了特定于序列、化学和结构的团簇分布,这些分布可以在远低于相分离阈值浓度的浓度下形成。PSCP受到特定的和决定溶解度的相互作用的影响,也在不同的观察之间提供了一座桥梁,并帮助回答了关于大分子相分离在生物学中的作用所出现的问题和挑战。
Macromolecular phase separation is being recognized for its potential importance and relevance as a driver of spatial organization within cells. Here, we describe a framework based on synergies between networking (percolation or gelation) and density (phase separation) transitions. Accordingly, the phase transitions in question are referred to as phase separation coupled to percolation (PSCP). Condensates that result from PSCP are viscoelastic network fluids. Such systems have sequence-, composition-, and topology-specific internal network structures that give rise to time-dependent interplays between viscous and elastic properties. Unlike pure phase separation, the process of PSCP gives rise to sequence-, chemistry-, and structure-specific distributions of clusters that can form at concentrations that lie well below the threshold concentration for phase separation. PSCP, influenced by specific vs. solubility-determining interactions, also provides a bridge between different observations and helps answer questions and address challenges that have arisen regarding the role of macromolecular phase separation in biology.
相位分离驱动异常的染色质循环和癌症发展。
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