Developing Indicators for Monitoring and Evaluating Joint Management Effectiveness in Protected Areas in the Northern Territory, Australia
Developing Indicators for Monitoring and Evaluating Joint Management Effectiveness in Protected Areas in the Northern Territory, Australia
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DOI：
10.5751/es-04274-160309
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
A. Izurieta;B. Sithole;N. Stacey;Hmalan Hunter-Xenie;B. Campbell;P. Donohoe;Jessie Brown;L. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Izurieta;B. Sithole;N. Stacey;Hmalan Hunter-Xenie;B. Campbell;P. Donohoe;Jessie Brown;L. Wilson
世界上许多国家都在推动保护区的联合管理。它被认为是一种手段，向包括土著人民在内的当地社区承认他们在使用和管理保护区内的自然资源方面的文化习俗，同时与各国政府合作实现保护目标。然而，实施有效的联合管理往往很困难，因为合作伙伴之间的能力和期望各不相同。在此，我们探讨采用参与性监测和评价办法的可能性，以此作为一种手段，不仅使合作伙伴就联合管理的目标达成一致，而且还衡量实现这些目标的进展情况。特别是，我们首先描述了用于衡量澳大利亚北领地保护区联合管理有效性的标准和指标的过程，涉及公园的土著传统所有者、他们的法律代表、政府和研究人员。然后，我们分析了采用参与性办法制定指标的过程及其对改善伙伴之间的公平的贡献。我们考虑在关系、能力、技能、沟通和跨文化信息共享的背景下参与进程的有效性。我们发现，在联合管理的早期阶段，合作伙伴大多识别与人力资本和社会资本资产相关的流程指标。在监测和评价周期的早期阶段，跨文化参与受到与沟通、机构和社区能力、代表性和边做边学边合作方式的灵活性有关的问题的挑战。然而，我们的结论是，参与性监测和评价办法，即合作伙伴平等地商定确定衡量商定管理成果的标准和指标，有可能改善公平参与、决策和工作关系，这反过来又将导致改善公园管理效力和社区成果。
Joint management of protected areas is promoted in many countries around the world. It is considered a means to provide local communities, including indigenous people, with recognition of their cultural practices in the use and management of the natural resources within a protected area, while working together with governments to achieve conservation goals. However, implementation of effective joint management has often been difficult because capacities and expectations among partners differ. Here we explore the potential of using a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach as a means of not only agreeing among partners on the objectives of joint management but also of measuring progress toward those objectives. In particular, we first describe the process used to develop criteria and indicators for measuring joint management effectiveness of a protected area in the Northern Territory, Australia, involving the park's Aboriginal Traditional Owners, their legal representatives, government, and researchers. We then analyze the process of applying a participatory approach to developing indicators and its contribution to improving equity among the partners. We consider the effectiveness of a participatory process within the context of the relationships, capacities, skills, communication, and cross-cultural information sharing. We found that at the early stages of joint management, the partners mostly identify process indicators related to human and social capital assets. Cross-cultural engagement in the early stages of the monitoring and evaluation cycle is challenged by issues relating to communication, institutional and community capacities, representation, and flexibility in ways of working together while learning by doing. We conclude, however, that a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach in which partners agree equally on the identification of criteria and indicators to measure agreed management outcomes has the potential of improving equitable participation, decision making and working relationships, which in turn will lead to improved park management effectiveness and community outcomes.