Meltwater storage and delaying characteristics of Gangotri Glacier (Indian Himalayas) during ablation season
Meltwater storage and delaying characteristics of Gangotri Glacier (Indian Himalayas) during ablation season
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.7828
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发表时间：
2011-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
P. Singh;Amit Kumar;N. Kishore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Singh;Amit Kumar;N. Kishore
喜马拉雅盆地有相当大的积雪和冰川覆盖的地区，这是一个重要的水源，特别是在夏季。在喜马拉雅地区，一般认为冰川融化季节是从5月到10月。在融化季节的径流水文特性的变化，可以通过研究时间的变化来了解峰值和时间延迟之间的融化产生和它的出现径流。在本研究中，Gangotri冰川，在印度喜马拉雅山脉最大的冰川之一，径流延迟特性进行了研究。为此，每小时流量和温度数据收集附近的鼻子的冰川（4000米）的三个消融季节（2004-2006年）。流量和温度的日变化提供了有用的信息，冰川的水存储和径流特性。在消融期的早期阶段，由于季节性积雪的存在，不良的排水网络和冰川较强的储存特性导致融水的响应延迟得多，提供了更高的时间滞后和峰值时间相比，融化的高峰季节。径流延迟参数与流量比的比较清楚地表明，时滞和峰值时间的变化与流量变化呈负相关。已经讨论了这种融水储存和冰川延迟特性对印度冰川河流上正在规划/开发的水电项目的影响。版权所有© 2010约翰威利父子有限公司.
Himalayan basins have considerable snow‐ and glacier‐covered areas, which are an important source of water, particularly during summer season. In the Himalayan region, in general, the glacier melt season is considered to be from May to October. Changes in hydrological characteristics of the runoff over the melt season can be understood by studying the variation in time to peak and time lag between melt generation and its emergence as runoff. In the present study, the runoff‐delaying characteristics of Gangotri Glacier, one of the largest glaciers in the Indian Himalayas, have been studied. For this purpose, hourly discharge and temperature data were collected near the snout of the glacier (4000 m) for three ablation seasons (2004–2006). The diurnal variations in discharge and temperature provided useful information on water storage and runoff characteristics of the glacier. In the early stages of the ablation period, poor drainage network and stronger storage characteristics of the glaciers due to the presence of seasonal snow cover resulted in a much delayed response of melt water, providing a higher time lag and time to peak as compared to the peak melt season. A comparison of runoff‐delaying parameters with the discharge ratio clearly indicated that changes in time lag and time to peak are inversely correlated with variations in discharge. Impact of such meltwater storage and delaying characteristics of glaciers on hydropower projects being planned/developed on glacier‐fed streams in India has been discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.