Human endogenous retrovirus K14C drove genomic diversification of the Y chromosome during primate evolution.
Human endogenous retrovirus K14C drove genomic diversification of the Y chromosome during primate evolution.
复制标题
人类内源性逆转录病毒 K14C 在灵长类动物进化过程中驱动了 Y 染色体的基因组多样化。
DOI：
10.1038/jhg.2010.94
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Namiki M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sin HS;Koh E;Kim DS;Murayama M;Sugimoto K;Maeda Y;Yoshida A;Namiki M.
与人类基因组的其他区域相比，Y染色体男性特异性区域(MSY)积累了密度更高的人类内源性逆转录病毒(HERV)及相关序列。在这里，我们重点研究了一个HERV家族，HERV-K14C，它似乎优先整合到人类的Y染色体中。为了识别人类基因组中HERV-K14C的每个拷贝，我们应用计算筛选来精确地定位单个HERV-K14C拷贝的位置。有趣的是，146个拷贝中有29个位于Y染色体，这29个拷贝主要分布在回文区域。发现了三个不同的Herv-K14C相关转录本，并且仅在人类睾丸组织中表达。基于我们对来自Y染色体上HERV-K14C的孤立LTRs的系统发育分析，我们认为这些序列是由一对相同的序列产生的。特别是，对回文区域HERV-K14C相关序列的分析表明，Y染色体扩增片段存在于我们共同的祖先中，重复的扩增对出现在大约800万-1000万年前的类人猿分化之后。综上所述，我们的观察表明，在类人猿物种形成过程中，HERV-K14C相关序列有助于Y染色体基因组的多样化。
The male-specific region of Y chromosome (MSY) has accumulated a higher density of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) and related sequences when compared with other regions of the human genome. Here, we focused on one HERV family, HERV-K14C that seemed to integrate preferentially into the Y chromosome in humans. To identify every copies of HERV-K14C in the human genome, we applied computational screening to map precisely the locus of individual HERV-K14C copies. Interestingly, 29 of all 146 copies were located in Y chromosome, and these 29 copies were mostly dispersed in the palindromic region. Three distinct HERV-K14C-related transcripts were found and were exclusively expressed in human testis tissue. Based on our phylogenetic analysis of the solitary LTRs derived from HERV-K14C on the Y chromosome we suggested that these sequences were generated as pairs of identical sequences. Specifically, analysis of HERV-K14C-related sequences in the palindromic region demonstrated that the Y chromosomal amplicons existed in our common ancestors and the duplicated pairs arose after divergence of great apes approximately 8–10 million years ago. Taken together, our observation suggested that HERV-K14C-related sequences contributed to genomic diversification of Y chromosome during speciation of great ape lineage.