Genome-wide analysis facilitates estimation of the amount of male contribution in meiotic gynogenetic three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
Genome-wide analysis facilitates estimation of the amount of male contribution in meiotic gynogenetic three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
复制标题
全基因组分析有助于估计减数分裂雌核发育三刺刺鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）中雄性的贡献量。
DOI：
10.1111/jfb.15321
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Cresko,WilliamA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Currey,MarkC;Walker,Charline;Bassham,Susan;Healey,HopeM;Beck,EmilyA;Cresko,WilliamA
雌核发育胚胎-那些只继承母体DNA的胚胎-可以通过将卵子与含有失活的父亲染色体的辐射处理过的精子结合来实验性地创造。受精卵的二倍体可以通过阻止第二次减数分裂来维持，也可以通过阻止母体染色体复制后的第一次有丝分裂来恢复。这些雌核发育生物在许多领域都很有用，包括水产养殖、进化生物学和基因组学。虽然雌核发育生物已经在许多物种中被创造出来，但单亲遗传的完整性通常被假设，而不是在整个基因组中彻底量化。相反，当单亲遗传的测试发生时，他们通常依赖于经过充分研究的基因决定的表型，这些表型代表了基因组的一个非常小的子集。只有评估小的基因组区域的父系遗传留下的问题，一些父系的贡献，后代是否仍然可能发生。在这项研究中，作者量化了创造雌核发育二倍体三棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）的功效。为此，作者反映了先前使用充分研究的遗传决定表型（包括性别和遗传显性形态特征）对父系贡献的评估，但扩展了先前使用父母和后代中的密集限制性位点相关DNA测序（RAD‐seq）标记评估父系遗传全基因组的研究。在雌核发育二倍体中，作者没有发现雄性基因型的表型-性别和显性表型性状。然而，通过对父亲贡献的全基因组评估，作者发现了少量但可能重要的父亲“泄漏”遗传物质的证据。这种全基因组方法的应用确定了需要更广泛地评估父系对雌核发育动物的贡献，并有望为水产养殖，进化生物学和基因组学的许多方面带来好处。
Gynogenetic embryos – those inheriting only maternal DNA – can be experimentally created by fertilizing eggs with radiation‐treated sperm containing inactivated paternal chromosomes. Diploidy in the zygotes can be maintained through prevention of the second meiosis or restored by preventing the first mitosis after the maternal chromosome complement has been replicated. These gynogenetic organisms are useful in many fields including aquaculture, evolutionary biology and genomics. Although gynogenetic organisms have been created in numerous species, the completeness of uni‐parental inheritance has often been assumed rather than thoroughly quantified across the genome. Instead, when tests of uni‐parental inheritance occur, they typically rely on well‐studied genetically determined phenotypes that represent a very small sub‐set of the genome. Only assessing small genomic regions for paternal inheritance leaves the question of whether some paternal contributions to offspring might still have occurred. In this study, the authors quantify the efficacy of creating gynogenetic diploid three‐spined stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus). To this end, the authors mirrored previous assessments of paternal contribution using well‐studied genetically determined phenotypes including sex and genetically dominant morphological traits but expanded on previous studies using dense restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) markers in parents and offspring to assess paternal inheritance genome‐wide. In the gynogenetic diploids, the authors found no male genotypes underlying their phenotypes of interest – sex and dominant phenotypic traits. Using genome‐wide assessments of paternal contribution, nevertheless, the authors found evidence of a small, yet potentially important, amount of paternally “leaked” genetic material. The application of this genome‐wide approach identifies the need for more widespread assessment of paternal contributions to gynogenetic animals and promises benefits for many aspects of aquaculture, evolutionary biology and genomics.