Social inequalities in health behaviors among Brazilian adults: National Health Survey, 2013
Social inequalities in health behaviors among Brazilian adults: National Health Survey, 2013
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DOI：
10.1186/s12939-016-0439-0
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发表时间：
2016-11-17
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Malta, Deborah Carvalho
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Azevedo Barros, Marilisa Berti;Lima, Margareth Guimaraes;Malta, Deborah Carvalho
背景：考虑到巴西普遍存在的高度社会经济不平等以及生活方式是发病率和过早死亡的重要决定因素，我们的目的是利用 2013 年巴西全国健康调查的数据来评估巴西成年人口健康行为流行率的社会经济差异程度。方法：基于 49,025 名 20 至 59 岁个体的样本，我们根据以下标准估计了几种健康行为的流行率和不健康行为的评分：性别、教育程度、种族/肤色以及拥有私人健康保险。通过多元泊松回归估计了按年龄和性别调整的患病率，分析考虑了抽样设计。结果：在巴西成年人中发现了显着的社会不平等。在受教育程度较低的人群、非白人人群以及没有私人医疗保险的人群中，目前吸烟、闲暇时缺乏身体活动、久坐的生活方式、全脂牛奶消费以及绿色蔬菜、蔬菜和水果摄入量较低的患病率较高。非白人人群中偶尔大量饮酒的患病率较高，但脂肪肉的消费量并没有因肤色而异。高于 6 分的不健康行为在较低教育阶层 (PR = 3.74)、非白人人群 (PR = 1.39) 和没有私人医疗保险的人群 (PR = 1.78) 中更为常见。与女性相比，男性吸烟、有害酒精消费和脂肪肉类消费的患病率较高，而绿色蔬菜、蔬菜和水果的消费量较低。结论：研究结果强调了作为国家卫生政策一部分监测健康方面的社会不平等的重要性，以及迫切需要优先采取行动促进健康行为，特别是在社会最弱势群体中。
Background: Considering the high socioeconomic inequalities prevailing in Brazil and lifestyle as a strong determinant of morbidity and premature mortality, our purpose was to evaluate the degree of socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence of health behaviors among Brazilian adult population using data from the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey.Method: Based on a sample of 49,025 individuals aged 20 to 59 years, we estimated the prevalence of several health behaviors and a score of unhealthy behaviors according to gender, education, race/color and possession of private health insurance. The prevalence ratios adjusted by age and gender were estimated by means of multiple Poisson regression and the analyses took into account the sampling design.Results: Significant social inequalities were identified in the Brazilian adults. Higher prevalence of current smoking, leisure-time physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, whole milk consumption and low ingestion of greens, vegetables, and fruits were observed among the less educated, in the non-white population, and among those without private health insurance. Higher prevalence of heavy episodic drinking was found in the non-white population, but no difference in the consumption of fatty meat was found according to skin color. Score of unhealthy behavior higher than 6 was more frequent in lower educational strata (PR = 3.74) in the non-white population (PR = 1.39) and among those without private health insurance (PR = 1.78). Compared to women, men had higher prevalence rates of smoking, hazardous alcohol consumption, and fatty meat consumption and lower consumption of greens, vegetables and fruits.Conclusion: The results of the study emphasize the importance of monitoring social inequalities in health as part of national health policies and the urgent need to prioritize actions to promote healthy behaviors, especially among the most socially vulnerable segments of society.