Entropy production and chemical reactions in nonequilibrium plasma

Entropy production and chemical reactions in nonequilibrium plasma
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非平衡等离子体中的熵产生和化学反应

DOI:
10.1002/aic.17291
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Thimsen, Elijah
Thimsen, Elijah
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Thimsen, Elijah

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在这项工作中,基于非平衡态热力学的方法来预测非平衡态等离子体中的化学反应的稳态,以及能量转换效率的限制。CO2裂解被用作示例反应。从理论框架的期望进行比较,实验结果,并获得合理的协议。关键的结论是,观察到反应物或产物的概率随着反应一侧通过与热电子碰撞而作为热量耗散的能量的增加而增加。反应中以热量形式消耗更多能量的一侧发生的概率更高。此外,在非平衡等离子体中的吸能化学反应,如低温下的CO2裂解,需要一个内在的能量耗散,以满足热力学第二定律-一个足够的和必要的浪费。这种固有耗散限制了最大理论能量转换效率。
In this work, methods based upon nonequilibrium thermodynamics are elucidated to predict stationary states of chemical reactions in nonequilibrium plasma, and limits for energy conversion efficiency. CO2splitting is used as an example reaction. Expectations from the theoretical framework are compared to experimental results, and reasonable agreement is obtained. The key conclusion is that the probability of observing either reactants or products increases with the amount of energy dissipated by that side of the reaction as heat through collisions with hot electrons. The side of the reaction that dissipates more energy as heat has a higher probability of occurrence. Furthermore, endergonic chemical reactions in nonequilibrium plasma, such as CO2splitting at low temperature, require an intrinsic energy dissipation to satisfy the second law of thermodynamics—a sufficient and necessary waste. This intrinsic dissipation limits the maximum theoretical energy conversion efficiency.
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